Anatomy Chapter 14 Flashcards
Which gas is found in the atmosphere?
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Carbon dioxide
The process of moving gas into and out of the respiratory system is:
ventilation.
The process of gas exchange at the body tissues is called:
internal respiration.
Gas exchange takes place across the:
alveolar–capillary membrane.
Which of the following takes place in the upper airways?
Olfaction
Warming of air
Filtering of air
All of the above
All of the above
Which of the following separates the nasal cavity into right and left halves?
Nasal septum
Which of the following is not a role of the sinuses?
Intensifies voice sound
Makes the head lighter
Required for speech
Assists in moisturizing inhaled air
Required for speech
The medical term for the sense of smell is _______________ and for producing sound is _______________.
olfaction, phonation
The hairlike structures that propel mucus in the airways are:
cilia.
Which of the following is not true about the sinuses?
They are air-filled cavities.
They are located in the skull and around the nose.
They help to lighten the head.
Gas exchange occurs there.
Gas exchange occurs there.
Food is prevented from entering the _______________ when eating by the closure of the _______________.
trachea; epiglottis
The vocal cords are found in the:
larynx.
The oropharynx is lined with _______________, whereas the nasopharynx is lined with _______________.
stratified squamous epithelium; respiratory mucosa
Voice is normally produced by vibration of the closed vocal cords during:
exhalation.
The upper airway begins at the _______________ and ends at the _______________.
nares, vocal cords
The pharynx can be divided into three sections. Which of the following is one of the three sections?
Trachea
Esophagus
Larynx
Oropharynx
Oropharynx
The largest bronchus or trunk of the tracheobronchial tree is the:
trachea
The site of bifurcation of the right and left lungs is called the:
carina
If an object is aspirated into the airways, it is most likely to go to the:
right lung.
The first portion of the airway where gas exchange begins is the:
respiratory bronchiole.
The alveolar layer that lowers surface tension to keep the alveoli expanded is the:
surfactant layer.
The alveolar cell that allows for gas exchange is the:
squamous cell.
What are the three types of cells found in the alveoli?
Squamous pneumocytes, granular pneumocytes, and macrophages
The iron-containing molecule responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood is _______________.
hemoglobin
The _______________ pleura lines the thoracic cavity.
parietal
The portion of the sternum where CPR is performed is the:
body
The _______________ nerve innervates the main breathing muscle, called the _______________.
phrenic; diaphragm
The amount of air moved during typical resting ventilation is called:
tidal volume.
As CO2 rises, chemoreceptors send signals to the _______________ to _______________ ventilation.
medulla oblongata; increase
The process of producing red blood cells is called _______________.
hematopoiesis
