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1st Year Medicine > Anatomy Bones And Muscles. > Flashcards

Anatomy Bones And Muscles. Flashcards

0
Q

What is the bony pelvis?

A

The pelvic girdle and the coccyx.

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1
Q

What is the pelvic girdle?

A

The sacrum and two hip bones.

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2
Q

What are the three bones that comprise the hip bone?

A

The ilium, ischium and the pubic bone.

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3
Q

Where does the inguinal ligament attach?

A

From the ASIS to the pubic tubercle.

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4
Q

What two pelvic ligaments should we know about?

A

The sacrotuberous ligament and the sacrospinous ligament.

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5
Q

What is the angle between the two pelvic bones called?

A

The subpubic angle.

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6
Q

What structures make the lesser and greater sciatic notches into foramen?

A

The presence of the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments.

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7
Q

What part of the hip bone does the head of the femur sit in?

A

The acetabulum.

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8
Q

What is the name for the lower edges of the two pubic bones?

A

The pubic arch.

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9
Q

What is the hole in the pubic bones called?

A

The obturator foramen.

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10
Q

Where does the sacrotuberous ligament attach?

A

The tuberous its of the ischium to the lower margin of the sacrum and the upper coccyx.

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11
Q

Where does the sacrospinous ligament attach?

A

Thin triangular ligament attached from the ischial spine to the lateral margins of the sacrum and coccyx.

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12
Q

What structures make up the pelvic inlet?

A

Sacral promontory, ilium, superior pubic ramus and the pubic symphysis.

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13
Q

What structures make up the pubic outlet?

A

Pubic symphysis, ischiopubic ramus, ischial tuberosities, sacrotuberous ligament and coccyx.

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14
Q

What comprises the hindfoot?

A

The calcaneous and the talus.

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15
Q

What comprises the midfoot?

A

The cuboid, the navicular and 3 cuneiforms.

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16
Q

What comprises the forefoot?

A

The metatarsals and the phalanges.

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17
Q

What are the three cuneiforms called?

A

The medial, lateral and intermediate.

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18
Q

What joint joins the talus and the calcaneous?

A

The subtalar joint.

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19
Q

What makes up the true ankle joint?

A

The tibia, the fibula and the talus.

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20
Q

What bones comprise the transverse tarsal or midtarsal joint?

A

The calcaneous with the cuboid and the talus with the navicular.

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21
Q

What is different about the big toe from the rest of the toes?

A

It only has a proximal and distal phalynx, the rest have proximal, distal and middle.

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22
Q

What joints make up the knee?

A

The medial and lateral Femero-orbital and the patellofemoral articulation.

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23
Q

What ligament holds the Odontoid process in place?

A

The transverse ligament.

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24
Q

Describe the curves of the spine?

A

Cervical and lumbar have lordosis and thoracic and sacral/coccyx have kyphosis.

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25
Q

What joint joins the spine to the skull?

A

The atlanto-occipital joint.

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26
Q

What makes the facet joints?

A

The facets in the superior and inferior processes.

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27
Q

What makes up the vertebral arch?

A

Two pedicles, two lamina and the spinous process.

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28
Q

How does the rib articulate with the vertebra?

A

The costal facet on the vertebral body articulates with the head of the rib and the costal facets on the transverse processes articulate with the tubercle of the rib.

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29
Q

What special features do cervical vertebrae have?

A

Transverse foramina.

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30
Q

What movement can the cervical spine make?

A

Flexion, extension, lateral flexion and rotation.

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31
Q

What movement can the thoracic spine make?

A

Flexion, lateral flexion and rotation.

32
Q

What movement can the lumbar spine make?

A

Flexion, extension and lateral flexion.

33
Q

What is the thoracic (rib) cage comprised of?

A

12 pairs of ribs and their costal cartilages, 12 thoracic vertebrae and their intervertebral discs, the sternum, the scapulae and the clavicles.

34
Q

What special grooves does rib one have?

A

For the subclavian arteries and veins.

35
Q

What does the sternal angle articulate with?

A

The costal cartilage of the second rib.

36
Q

What two ends does the clavicle have?

A

The acromial (lateral) end and the sternal (medial) end.

37
Q

Where does the head of the humerus sit in the shoulder?

A

The glenoid fossa.

38
Q

What comprises the pectoral girdle?

A

2 scapulae, 2 clavicles and the manubrium of the sternum.

39
Q

What two necks does the humerus have?

A

The anatomical and surgical neck.

40
Q

Where does the radial nerve sit in relation to the humerus?

A

In the radial groove.

41
Q

What are the wrist bones called?

A

The carpals.

42
Q

What are the two ends of the metacarpals?

A

The base which is beside the carpals and the head which is beside the phalanges.

43
Q

What is different about the thumb from the rest of the fingers?

A

It has a proximal and distal phalanx only whereas the fingers have proximal, middle and distal.

44
Q

What are the wrist bones called.

A

Scaphoid (thumb side), lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate and hamate.

45
Q

Which bone has a hook?

A

The hamate bone.

46
Q

What is the head comprised of?

A

The brain, it’s protective coverings, the ears and the face.

47
Q

What is the skull?

A

The neurocranium (cranial vault) and the viscerocranium (the facial bones).

48
Q

What is the neurocranium?

A

The skull cap (calvaria) and the base of the skull (cranial base).

49
Q

What is the cranial cavity?

A

The space inside the skull.

50
Q

What is the floor of the cranial cavity?

A

The internal aspect of the base of the skull.

51
Q

What are the orbital plates?

A

Form the roof of the orbits and the floor of the anterior cranial fossa.

52
Q

Where is the frontal sinus?

A

Situated inside the skull behind the brow ridges.

53
Q

What are concha also called?

A

Turbinate bones.

54
Q

What together with the vomer, forms the bony part of the septum?

A

The perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone.

55
Q

What is the pituitary fossa otherwise called?

A

The hypophyseal fossa.

56
Q

Where is the sphenoid sinus?

A

Within the body of the sphenoid bone.

57
Q

What is the pterion?

A

The region where all the skeletal bones (f,s,p,t) join. It is the thinnest part of the cranium. Internally it has the groove for the Middle meningeal artery.

58
Q

What lines run along the parietal bones?

A

The inferior and superior temporal lines. They are for attachment of the temporal is muscle.

59
Q

Where is the jugular foramen?

A

Between the occipital and temporal bones. Is for the internal jugular vein.

60
Q

What are the grooves on the inside of the occipital bones for?

A

For dural venous sinuses.

61
Q

What forms the zygomatic arch?

A

The zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the temporal process of the zygomatic bone plus the articulate tubercle.

62
Q

What are the grooves on the inside of the temporal bones for?

A

For middle meningeal arteries.

63
Q

Where is the carotid canal?

A

Inside the temporal bone. It is for the internal carotid artery and has external and internal openings.

64
Q

What two parts make up the temporal bone?

A

The squamous and the petrous parts.

65
Q

Where are the sockets for the teeth?

A

In the alveolar process.

66
Q

Where is the mandibular foramen?

A

On the side of the mandible, can only be see in the inside.

67
Q

What is another name for the mental process?

A

The mental protuberance.

68
Q

What is the mandibular canal?

A

Internal connection between the mental and mandibular foraminae on the mandible.

69
Q

Where does the infraorbital canal run?

A

From the bottom of the inside of the eyes to the infraorbital foramen.

70
Q

What is the clinical name for the maxillary sinus?

A

The Antrum.

71
Q

What does the palatine process form?

A

The anterior part of the hard palate e.g. The roof of the mouth.

72
Q

Where does the nasal bone articulate with the frontal bone?

A

The fronto-nasal suture.

73
Q

Where does the nasal bone articulate with the maxilla?

A

The naso-maxillary suture.

74
Q

What are the palatine bones?

A

The posterior part of the hard palate.

75
Q

Where are the turbinate bones?

A

In the nose, they articulate with the maxillae in the lateral walls of the nasal cavities.

76
Q

What are the three parts of the auditory ossicles?

A

The stapes, the incus and the malleus.

77
Q

What is unusual about the hyoid bone?

A

It does not articulate with another bone.

1st Year Medicine (64 decks)

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