Anatomy and Physiology part 7 Flashcards
106-110
Urinary system responsibility and main structures
Eliminated the waste and regulates PH
Kidney, Urters, Bladder, Uretha
PH scale for alkaline
7-14
PH for acidic
0-7
Blood is filtered through the nephrons
Kindneys
Passageway for urine
Ureters
Collects urine until ready to eliminate
Bladder
Transports urine from the blatter out of the body
Urethra
Sensory organs function and main structures
Detect sensations, sending information to the brain/spinal cord to be be processed, interpreted, and responed
Ears, Eyes, Tonge, and skin
Auricle
Outer ear made of elastic cartilage
Ear lobe
Made of flesh and contains an abundance of blood vessles
Helix
Curved structure in the outer eat
Antihelix
Curved structure further inside the ear
Tympanic membrane/ ear drum
Seperates the outer and middle ear, sound waves cause the membrane to vibrate
Bones in middle ear that amplify hearing
Malleus, Incus, Stapes
Eustachian tube
Small tube that runs from the middle ear to the pharynx; Controls air and water pressure
Inner ear contains the
Bony labyrinth; Semicircular canals and cochlea
Semicircular canals
Responsible for balence and perception of equilibrium; Detected with fluid that detects motion
Cochlea
Responsible for converting vibrations into electrical signals allowing hearing
Orbital socket
Where the eye is situated; made of three layers
Primary parts of the eye
Anterior segment: Iris, Lens, Aqueous humor, and cornea
Posterior segments: Sclera, Retina, Choroid, and vitreous humor
Sclera
White tough part of the outer eyeball
Iris
Colored part of the eyeball made of smooth muscles; Diolator(more light) and contractor (less light)nmuscle
Choroid
Middle layer of the eye wheeere majority of blood vessels are located
Pupil
hole in the center of the iris allowing light in
Ciliary body
MIddle layer controlling the shape of the lends to help focus on objects that may be close or further away
Aqueous humor
Clear watery fluid that fills the space between the cornia and lends to maintain eye pressure and provide norishment
Vitrous humor
Jelly like substance behind the lends that maintains the eyes shape
Retna contains..
Take information from light and convert the information into electrical signals that leave the eye through the optic nerve
Rods: Primary function in dim light
Cones: Detect color and high light
Conjunctiva
Membrane lining the eyelid and antior portion of the sclera that protects against dirt, debris and pathogens
Lacrimal glands
Produce tears to lubracate and wash out the eye
papillae
Give the tonge its rough texture
Olfaction
sense of smell
Merkel discs
detect light touch; found in the dermis
Reuffinis corpuscles
Detect tension and stretching of skin; found in the dermis
Thermoreceptors
Detect warmth and cold
Sensory impulses and types
Afferent: sensory information towards the central nervous system
Efferent: carry motor commands away from the central nervous system to muscles and glands
Davis law
Tissues when they repair damage, repair stronger to prevent injury in the future
Hiltons law
A nerve that innervates a muscle that crosses a joint and acts on the joint will also innervate the skin and joint atop the muscle
Pflugers law
5 laws
Law of unilaterality: Local pain will remain local
Low of symmetry: If pain is not treated pain will be mimiced on opposite side
Law of Intensity: Pain on origon pain will increase but remain same on opposite side
Law of radiation: Pain will radiate tword the spinal cord and brain
Law of generalization: If untreated pain in spinal cord and brain will have effects on other body systems and the persons thoughts/moods
Reciprocal inhibition
When the agonist muscle contracts, its antagonist muscle will relax
Sherringtons law
Muscles that control the eyes work in the same fashion
Wolfs law
Bone will remodel itself to be more dense, adding strength to the bone, when the bone is placed under pressure
