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MBLEX- Cards > Anatomy and Physiology part 5 > Flashcards

Anatomy and Physiology part 5 Flashcards

85-89

1
Q

Lymph

A

A fluid made of interstitial fluid; the primary structure of the lymphatic system

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2
Q

Lymph vessels

A

Lymph travels through these vessles tword the heart

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3
Q

Thoracic duct

A

Largest lymph vessles found in the trunk and drains lymph into the subclavian vein, where it joints with blood

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4
Q

Lymph nodes

A

Masses of lymphatic tissue that is responsible for production of antibodies and help filter/destroy foreign objects that enter the lymph

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5
Q

Thymus

A

Located in the chest is Responsable for the production of T-cells or T-lymphocytes

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6
Q

T-cells/T-lymphocytes

A

Vital in regulating the immune system

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7
Q

Spleen

A

Organ part of the lymphatic system Responsable for destroying dead or dying red blood cells and pathogens from the blood stream

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8
Q

Muscles actions in the body

A

Production of heat, Movement, Contricting organs and blood vessles

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9
Q

Sarcomeres

A

functional unit of the muscle fiber that when shortens the muscles contract

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10
Q

Z-line

A

a dense line in muscle tissue that marks the boundaries of a sarcomere

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11
Q

Actin

A

Protine known as a thin filament anchors self to the z line; attaches to myosin during muscle contractions

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12
Q

A-band

A

Entire span of the thick filaments in one sarcomere

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13
Q

Myosin

A

Protine know as the thick filament that attaches to actin during muscle contraction

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14
Q

Tropomyosin

A

Protine that covers the attachment sighs where myosin attaches to actin during contraction

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15
Q

Calcium ions

A

Responsable for removing the tropomyosin from the actin

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16
Q

Acetylcholine (ACh)

A

a neurotransmitter, a chemical messenger that transmits signals between neurons and other cells in the body

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17
Q

Isometric Contraction

A

Length of the muscle stays the same but tension in the muscle changes

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18
Q

Isotonic Contraction

A

The muscle tension stays the same but the length changes; 2 types

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19
Q

Concentric Contraction

A

Isotonic Contraction
muscle shortens while contracting

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20
Q

Eccentric Contraction

A

Isotonic Contraction
muscle lengthens while contracting

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21
Q

Proprioceptors

A

Structures in the body that are Responsable for detecting the bodies position in space; Muscle spindles and golgi tendon organs

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22
Q

Muscle spindles

A

Stretch receptors that sense muscle stretch and length changes, triggering a contraction to resist overstretching

23
Q

Golgi Tendon Organs/ musculotendinous junction

A

detects muscle tension and initiates relaxation when excessive force is applied

24
Q

Circular

A

muscles arranged in a circular manner

25
Q

Convergent

A

Muscles spred out on one end and merge together at the other end

26
Q

Fusiform

A

Muscles are thin at attachments and wider in the middle

27
Q

Parallel

A

Muscle fibers that run in the same direction

28
Q

Different types of pennate muscles

A

Muscles that have apperence of a feather; Unipennate, Bi-pennate, Multipennate

29
Q

Flexion

A

Decreasing the angle of a joint

30
Q

Extension

A

Increasing the angle of a joint

31
Q

Adduction

A

Moving the structure tword the midline

32
Q

Abduction

A

Moving the structure away from midline

33
Q

Protraction

A

Moving structure anteriorly

34
Q

Retraction

A

Moving structure posteriorly

35
Q

Inversion

A

Turning sole of foot tword the midline

36
Q

Eversion

A

Turning sole of the foot away from the midline

37
Q

Elevation

A

Moving a structure superiorly

38
Q

Depression

A

Moving a structure inferiorly

39
Q

Supination

A

Rotating palms upwards

40
Q

Pronation

A

Rotating palms downwards

41
Q

Rotation

A

Turning structure around long axis

42
Q

Circumduction

A

Turning structure around circumference

43
Q

Plantarflextion

A

Point toes down

44
Q

Dorsiflextion

A

Point toes upwards

45
Q

Opposition

A

the movement of the thumb to touch the tips of the other fingers on the same hand

46
Q

Lateral Deviation

A

movement to the side

47
Q

Prime mover/Agonist

A

The muscle that primarily performs a specific action

48
Q

Synergist

A

Muscle that assists the Prime mover/Agonist in performing an action

49
Q

Antagonist

A

Muscle that performs the opposite action of the Prime mover/Agonist

50
Q

Fixator

A

Muscle that stabilizes an area while performing an action

51
Q

Aerobic metabolism

A

Process which cells utilize oxygen to produce energy to properly function; more energy

52
Q

Anaerobic metabolism

A

The process in which (ATP) Adenosine Triphosphate is produced without oxygen; less energy and more waste product

53
Q

(ATP) Adenosine Triphosphate

A

a molecule that allows the transport of nutrience in the cell; Made in the midocondria with oxygen and glucose

MBLEX- Cards (11 decks)

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