Anatomy and Physiology part 5

Question 1

Lymph

Answer 1

A fluid made of interstitial fluid; the primary structure of the lymphatic system

Question 2

Lymph vessels

Answer 2

Lymph travels through these vessles tword the heart

Question 3

Thoracic duct

Answer 3

Largest lymph vessles found in the trunk and drains lymph into the subclavian vein, where it joints with blood

Question 4

Lymph nodes

Answer 4

Masses of lymphatic tissue that is responsible for production of antibodies and help filter/destroy foreign objects that enter the lymph

Question 5

Thymus

Answer 5

Located in the chest is Responsable for the production of T-cells or T-lymphocytes

Question 6

T-cells/T-lymphocytes

Answer 6

Vital in regulating the immune system

Question 7

Spleen

Answer 7

Organ part of the lymphatic system Responsable for destroying dead or dying red blood cells and pathogens from the blood stream

Question 8

Muscles actions in the body

Answer 8

Production of heat, Movement, Contricting organs and blood vessles

Question 9

Sarcomeres

Answer 9

functional unit of the muscle fiber that when shortens the muscles contract

Question 10

Z-line

Answer 10

a dense line in muscle tissue that marks the boundaries of a sarcomere

Question 11

Actin

Answer 11

Protine known as a thin filament anchors self to the z line; attaches to myosin during muscle contractions

Question 12

A-band

Answer 12

Entire span of the thick filaments in one sarcomere

Question 13

Myosin

Answer 13

Protine know as the thick filament that attaches to actin during muscle contraction

Question 14

Tropomyosin

Answer 14

Protine that covers the attachment sighs where myosin attaches to actin during contraction

Question 15

Calcium ions

Answer 15

Responsable for removing the tropomyosin from the actin

Question 16

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Answer 16

a neurotransmitter, a chemical messenger that transmits signals between neurons and other cells in the body

Question 17

Isometric Contraction

Answer 17

Length of the muscle stays the same but tension in the muscle changes

Question 18

Isotonic Contraction

Answer 18

The muscle tension stays the same but the length changes; 2 types

Question 19

Concentric Contraction

Answer 19

Isotonic Contraction
muscle shortens while contracting

Question 20

Eccentric Contraction

Answer 20

Isotonic Contraction
muscle lengthens while contracting

Question 21

Proprioceptors

Answer 21

Structures in the body that are Responsable for detecting the bodies position in space; Muscle spindles and golgi tendon organs

Question 22

Muscle spindles

Answer 22

Stretch receptors that sense muscle stretch and length changes, triggering a contraction to resist overstretching

Question 23

Golgi Tendon Organs/ musculotendinous junction

Answer 23

detects muscle tension and initiates relaxation when excessive force is applied

Question 24

Circular

Answer 24

muscles arranged in a circular manner

Question 25

Convergent

Answer 25

Muscles spred out on one end and merge together at the other end

Question 26

Fusiform

Answer 26

Muscles are thin at attachments and wider in the middle

Question 27

Parallel

Answer 27

Muscle fibers that run in the same direction

Question 28

Different types of pennate muscles

Answer 28

Muscles that have apperence of a feather; Unipennate, Bi-pennate, Multipennate

Question 29

Flexion

Answer 29

Decreasing the angle of a joint

Question 30

Extension

Answer 30

Increasing the angle of a joint

Question 31

Adduction

Answer 31

Moving the structure tword the midline

Question 32

Abduction

Answer 32

Moving the structure away from midline

Question 33

Protraction

Answer 33

Moving structure anteriorly

Question 34

Retraction

Answer 34

Moving structure posteriorly

Question 35

Inversion

Answer 35

Turning sole of foot tword the midline

Question 36

Eversion

Answer 36

Turning sole of the foot away from the midline

Question 37

Elevation

Answer 37

Moving a structure superiorly

Question 38

Depression

Answer 38

Moving a structure inferiorly

Question 39

Supination

Answer 39

Rotating palms upwards

Question 40

Pronation

Answer 40

Rotating palms downwards

Question 41

Rotation

Answer 41

Turning structure around long axis

Question 42

Circumduction

Answer 42

Turning structure around circumference

Question 43

Plantarflextion

Answer 43

Point toes down

Question 44

Dorsiflextion

Answer 44

Point toes upwards

Question 45

Opposition

Answer 45

the movement of the thumb to touch the tips of the other fingers on the same hand

Question 46

Lateral Deviation

Answer 46

movement to the side

Question 47

Prime mover/Agonist

Answer 47

The muscle that primarily performs a specific action

Question 48

Synergist

Answer 48

Muscle that assists the Prime mover/Agonist in performing an action

Question 49

Antagonist

Answer 49

Muscle that performs the opposite action of the Prime mover/Agonist

Question 50

Fixator

Answer 50

Muscle that stabilizes an area while performing an action

Question 51

Aerobic metabolism

Answer 51

Process which cells utilize oxygen to produce energy to properly function; more energy

Question 52

Anaerobic metabolism

Answer 52

The process in which (ATP) Adenosine Triphosphate is produced without oxygen; less energy and more waste product

Question 53

(ATP) Adenosine Triphosphate

Answer 53

a molecule that allows the transport of nutrience in the cell; Made in the midocondria with oxygen and glucose