Anatomy and Physiology part 2

Question 1

Cells

Answer 1

Functional unit of the tissues; Responsable for performing all essential life functions

Question 2

Mitosis

Answer 2

Cell division; Cell splits from mother cell into two separate daughter cells, These cells then divide further into there own cell

Question 3

Organelles

Answer 3

Structure inside the cell that help regulate the function of the cell

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Contains the DNA and regulates the overall function of the cell

Question 5

DNA

Answer 5

Basic building blocks of life; a molecule that contains genetic information for the development and function of an organism

Question 6

Nucleolus

Answer 6

Resides inside of the nucleus and contains the RNA

Question 7

RNA (Ribonucleic acid)

Answer 7

Vital in transmitting signals from the DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis

Question 8

Golgi apparatus

Answer 8

Allows protine and lipids to be bundled and transported within the cell

Question 9

Lysosome

Answer 9

Responsable for breaking down substances inside of the cell like protine and waste product

Question 10

Mitochondria

Answer 10

Responsible for production of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)

Question 11

ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)

Answer 11

Provides energy to the body by transporting chemical energy to parts of the body

Question 12

Ribosomes

Answer 12

Contain protine and RNA, Responsible for synthesizing cell protines

Question 13

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 13

Resonsible for synthesizing carbohydrates and lipids

Question 14

Cytoplasm

Answer 14

A gel like substance inside the cell and allows movement

Question 15

Epithelial Tissue and functions?

Answer 15

Forms most of the glands, digestive track, and the epidermis

Responsable for protection, Secreation, and Absorption.

Question 16

Three Muscular Tissues and functions?

Answer 16

Forms…
Smooth/non-Striated: Involentary muscle that can have different functions depending on where in the body; Contractions help move substance through the body this is called peristalsis

Striated/Skeletal: Volentary muscles that connect to the skeleton; Responsable for movement in the body and the constant twitching that creates body heat

Cardiac/Branching: A Involentary muscle that pumps blood to the heart with each contraction

Question 17

Nervous Tissue makeup and function?

Myelin?

Schwann Cells?

Answer 17

makeup: Nervous Tissue forms the Brain, Spinal cord, and Nerves; The primary cell of the nervous Tissue is Neurons

Function:Dendrites receive action impulses,
Neurons inside nucleus processes the action potentials, Axon transmits the impulses to the next destination

Myelin: Sheeth of fat and protine that surrounds axon and provides protection and allow rapid impulse travling

Schwann Cell: Produce the Myelin sheeth

Question 18

Connective Tissue:

Clast cells?

Blast cells?

Answer 18

Responsable for connecting and separating tissues; Tendons, LIgaments, membrane, Fascia, Bones, Lymph, cartilage, and blood

Clast cells: Responsable for breaking down old dead tissue

Blast cells: Germ cell responsible for building new connective tissue

Question 19

Blood parts and function?

Answer 19

Blood is a connective tissue that is mainly a system of transportation for blood cells, hormones, nutrience, and waste production

Erythrocytes: Red blood cells; Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide through the body, Cytoplam made of hemoglobin

Leukocytes: White blood cells; defend against pathogens

Thrombocytes/platelets: Clots the blood

Plasma: A fluid that allows the movement of blood cells, hormones, nutrience, and waste through the body

Question 20

Serous membranes parts and types/where

Answer 20

A connective tissue that seperates organs from one another preventing friction;
Fluid inside membrane: Serous fluid
Inner wall of membrane: Visceral serous membrane
Outer wall of membrane: Parietal serous membrane

Pericardium: protects the heart

Pleural membrane: Protects the lungs

Peritoneum: Protects and encases the organs inside the abdomen and pelvis

Question 21

Integumentary system

Answer 21

The skin is the largest organ of the body and main function is protection

Question 22

Nails made of and function

Answer 22

Nails are made of keratin and protect the distal phalanges

Question 23

Hair made of and function

Arrector pili?

Answer 23

Hair made of keratin and regulate tempature

Arrector pili: A smooth muscle attached to the hair folical that when flexes stands the hair up creating a insulation effect trapping warmth in the body

Question 24

Sudoriferous glands

Answer 24

Create and secrete sweat

Question 25

Sebaceous glands

Answer 25

create and secrete sebum

Question 26

Nociceptors

Answer 26

Sensory receptor for pain

Question 27

Meissners Corpuscles

Answer 27

Sensory receptor for light pressure

Question 28

Pacinian Corpuscles

Answer 28

sensory receptors for deep presure