Anatomy and Physiology 1.1d Flashcards
Effect of Altitude on Cardiovascular and Respiratory System
- Air stays the same, partial pressure of O2 decreases
- greater diffusion gradient = faster oxygen will move
- Greater altitude = greater negative impact on diffusion
Altitude
-height or elevate of an area above sea level
Barometric pressure
-pressure exerted by Earth’s atmosphere at any given point
Partial Pressure of o2 at Sea Level
o2 = 159mmHg - Diff Gradient of 119
Partial Pressure of o2 3600m above sea level
o2 = 105mmHg - Diff Gradient of 65
Partial Pressure of o2 8800m above sea level
o2 = 43mmHg - Diff Gradient of 3
Athlete effects of working at High altitude
- Oxygen Diffusion decreases
- reducing Haemogloblin
- poor transport of o2
consequence of Effects of working at High altitude
- Blood volume decreases - plasma 25% drops
- Stroke Volume decreases - inc HR
- Maximal Cardiac Output, SV, HR decrease during maximal intensity
Acclimatisation
-process of gradual adaptation to change in environment
Days to acclimatise 1000-2000m
-3-5 days
Days to acclimatise 2000-3000m
-1-2 weeks
Days to acclimatise 3000m+
-2+ weeks
Days to acclimatise 5000-5500m
-4+ weeks
Acclimatisation benefits for CVS and Respiratory System
- Inc in RBC production, inc release of Erythropoietin
- BR and ventilation stabilise
- SV and CO reduce o2 extraction becomes more efficient
- Reduced incidences of altitude sickness
Erythropoietin
-Naturall produced hormone responsible for production of RBC
