Anatomy- Anatomy Of The Back 2

Question 1

Patient with back pain. Investigations reveal damage to the ligament that runs a long course on the vertebral column that prevents hyper extension. Which ligament is this ?

A. Ligamentum flavum 
B. Anterior longitudinal 
C.posterior longitudinal 
D.Supraspinous
E.intertransverse

Answer 1

A.anterior longitudinal

Question 2

A patient is having back pain after after hyper flexing their back. Investigations reveal damage to a ligament that attaches to vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs that runs on the vertebral column. Which ligament is most likely to be damaged ?

A. Posterior longitudinal 
B. Ligamentum flavum 
C. Anterior longitudinal 
D. Intertransverse 
E. Infraspinous

Answer 2

A.posterior longitudinal

Question 3

Patient with back pain. Pain attributed to damage to the anterior longitudinal ligament which prevents hyper extension. Where does this ligament run ?

A.c5-t1
B. C2-sacrum
C.c1 sacrum
D.c1-t1

Answer 3

C. C1 - sacrum

Question 4

Patient with acute back pain. After investigation pain attributed to a damaged posterior longitudinal ligament. Where does this ligament run ?

A.c2-sacrum
B.c2-l5
C.c2-t2
D.c5-t1

Answer 4

A.c2 - sacrum

Question 5

Patient has pain in back. A ligament of their back has undergone chronic damage. This ligament runs from c7 to the sacrum attaching to the tips of spinous processes. What ligament is this and what does it prevent ?

A.Supraspinous ligament, hyper extension
B.infraspinous, huperextension
C. Ligamentum flavum, hyperflexion
D. Supraspinous, hyperflexion

Answer 5

D. Supraspinous hyperflexion

Question 6

Patient with back pain. Damage to a ligament that connects to tips of the spinous processes of the vertebrae and prevents hyperflexion. This ligament is made up of a long fibrous cord of connective tissue. What ligament is this ?

Ainterspinous
B.Supraspinous
C.Ligamentum flavum
D.intertransverse

Answer 6

B.Supraspinous

Question 7

The Ligamentum flavum is made up of elastic fibres and prevents huperflexion. Where is the Ligamentum found to be connected to ?

A.between laminae of adjacent vertebrae
B. The spinous processes
C.tips of spinous processes
D.between transverse processes of adjacent vertebrae

Answer 7

A.between laminae of adjacent vertebrae

Question 8

A patient reports with back pain after being excessively bent to one side in a rugby match. Which ligament is most likely to be damaged ?

A.Supraspinous
B.interspinous
C. Intertransverse
D. Ligamentum flavum

Answer 8

C.intertransverse

Question 9

Which muscles make up the superficial deep group of the back ?

A.iliocostalis,longissimus, spinalis
B.splenius capitis , splenius cervicis
C..iliocostalis longissiumus spinalis
D. Semispinalis , multifidus, rotatores

Answer 9

B. Splenius capitis, splenius cervicis

Question 10

The intermediate (erector spinae ) deep group of muscles is made up of iliocostalis, longisimus and which other muscle ?

A.spinalis
B.semispinalis 
C.rotatores 
D. Splenius cervicis 
E.splenius capitis

Answer 10

A.spinalis

Question 11

The semispinalis, multifidus, rotatores make up which group of back muscles ?

A.erector spinae
B. Superficial deep
C.intermediate extrinsic
D. Deep intrinsic

Answer 11

D.deep intrinsic

Question 12

Patient with back pain found to have muscle damage to the erector spinae muscles. This is centred around the most lateral of these muscles . What muscle is that ?

A. Longissimus
B.semispinalis
C. Iliocostalis
D.spinalis

Answer 12

C.iliocostalis

I Love Spines
Lateral to medial

Question 13

The iliocostalis is the most lateral erector spinae muscle where does this muscle arise and insert ?

A.common tendinous origin to ribs and transverse processes of cervical spine

B. Common tendinous origin to ribs,transverse processes and mastoid process

C.common tendinous origin to spinous processes of cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae and occipital bone

Answer 13

A.common tendinous origin to transverse processes of cervical spine and ribs

Question 14

The longissimus is the middle erector spinae muscle where does this muscle arise and insert ?

A.common tendinous origin to ribs and transverse processes of cervical spine

B. Common tendinous origin to ribs,transverse processes and mastoid process

C.common tendinous origin to spinous processes of cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae and occipital bone

Answer 14

B.common tendinous origin to transverse processes, ribs and mastoid process

Question 15

The spinalis is the most medial erector spinae muscle where does this muscle arise and insert ?

A.common tendinous origin to ribs and transverse processes of cervical spine

B. Common tendinous origin to ribs,transverse processes and mastoid process

C.common tendinous origin to spinous processes of cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae and occipital bone

Answer 15

C.common tendinous origin to spinous processes of cervical and thoracic spine and occipital bone

Question 16

A patient has damaged erector spinae muscles. Following examination it is found that they can only laterally flex to their right side. What type of damage has occurred ?

A.Damage to left erector spinae muscles
B.bilateral damage
C. Damage to right erector spinae muscles

Answer 16

C.damage to the left erector spinae muscles

Question 17

A patient has to extend their back as part of a physical examination. In order to extend their back what action must occur in the erector spinae muscles ?

A. Unilateral flexion
B.bilateral fibre action
C.bilateral flexion

Answer 17

B.bilateral fibre action