Anatomy

Question 1

pericardial cavity fills with blood

Answer 1

haemopericardium

Question 2

pressure around heart from blood in pericardial cavity can cause

Answer 2

cardiac tamponade

Question 3

Pericardiocentesis

Answer 3

Drainage of fluid from the pericardial cavity

Need inserted via infrasternal angle and directed superoposteriorly, aspirating continuously

Question 4

Transverse pericardial sinus

Answer 4

Space within pericardial activity
Lies posterior to ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk
Used to isolate great vessels to commence cardiac bypass
Surgeons finger tip emerges from sinus anterior to SVC

Question 5

Palpation for apex beat

Answer 5

5th intercostal space midclavicular line

Question 6

atrial septal defect

Answer 6

hole in interatrial septim

Question 7

ventricular septum defect

Answer 7

hole in interventricular septum

Question 8

tricuspid valve

Answer 8

between right atrium and right ventricle

Question 9

pulmonary valve

Answer 9

between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk

Question 10

mitral (bicuspid) valve

Answer 10

between left atrium and left ventricle

Question 11

aortic valve

Answer 11

between left ventricle and aorta

Question 12

1st heart sound ‘lub’

Answer 12

made

Question 13

postcentral gyrus of parietal lobe

Answer 13

AP’s arriving here bring body wall sensations to consciousness

Question 14

Precentral gyrus of frontal lobe

Answer 14

AP’s originating here bring about contractions of body wall skeletal muscle

Question 15

Sharp Chest Pain Sources

Answer 15

Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
Muscle, joint and bone
Parietal Pleura

Question 16

Dull visceral chest pain sources

Answer 16

Trachea
Aorta
Abdominal viscera 
Heart
Oesophagus

Question 17

Thoracic inlet

Answer 17

Bound by ribs 1, T1 vertebrae and jugular notch

Question 18

Bronchopulmonary lymph nodes

Answer 18

surround main bronchus at lung root

Question 19

Tracheobronchial lymph nodes

Answer 19

Around bifurcation of trachea

Question 20

Right recurrent laryngeal nerve

Answer 20

hooks under subclavian artery

Question 21

Left recurrent laryngeal nerve

Answer 21

hooks under arch of aorta

Question 22

Referred pain from diaphragm

Answer 22

Presents in shoulder tip as supraclavicular nerves supply dermatomes enter spinal cord at same level as phrenic nerve