Anatomy Flashcards
What makes up the diencephalon?
thalamus and hypothalamus
What connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland?
infundibulum
Where is the anterior pituitary lobe derived from?
Rathke’s pouch
Where is the posterior pituitary lobe derived from?
forebrain
What hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary lobe?
GH TSH LH FSH ATCH PRL
What hormones are secreted by the posterior pituitary lobe?
ADH
Oxytocin
Where can the pituitary gand be found?
in the midline of the pituitary fossa in the spenoid bone
Where does the pituitary fossa lie?
in the sella turcica
What is the role of dura matter?
protects the structures of the cranial cavity
What is the tentorium cerebelli?
a tough sheet of dura matter over the cerebrellum within the posterior cranial fossa
What connects the right and left lobe of the thyroid gland?
isthmus
Where does the isthmus lie?
anterior to the 2nd and 3rd cartilages of the trachea
What is the arterial supply to the parathyroid glands?
inferior thyroid arteries
What is a pyramidal lobe?
embrylogical remnant
29-55% prevalence
originates from the left lateral lobe and attatches superiorly to the thyroid cartilage
What is the role of the platysma muscles? What nerve supplies it?
thin muscle very superficial to the neck that makes a grimcing facial expression
CN VII - facial
What is the thyroid arterial supply?
superior and inferior artery
What is the thyroid venous supply?
superior, middle and inferior artery
What is the arterial supply to the anterior pituitary gland?
superior hypophyseal artery
What is the venous supply to the anterior pituitary gland?
hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system
What are the arterial supplies to the posterior pituitary gland?
superior hypophyseal artery
infundibular artery
inferior hypophyseal artery
Is the thyroid gland bigger in males or females?
females
What is the venous drainage of the thyroid gland?
superior and middle thyroid vein –> internal jugular vein
inferior thyroid vein –> brachiocephallic vein
What 3 cells make up the thyroid gland?
colloids
parafollicular C cells
follicles
Describe colloids?
tyrosine containing thyroglobulin filled spheres
What do parafollicular c cells secrete?
calcitonin
What chemical does calcitonin lower?
Ca
What is the role of follicles?
store thyroid hormones
surround colloids
dense amorphic pink cells containing thyroglobulin
What cell synthesises T3 and T4?
follicular cells
What is needed for the synthesis of T3 and T4?
iodine
