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Anatomy & Physiology 1 > Anatomical Directional Terms & Body Planes (LAB 1) > Flashcards

Anatomical Directional Terms & Body Planes (LAB 1) Flashcards

1
Q

anterior

A

towards the front, in front

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2
Q

posterior

A

behind something

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3
Q

ventral

A

towards the stomach, also known as “anterior”

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4
Q

dorsal

A

back of body

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5
Q

bilateral

A

can be found on left and right side

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6
Q

distal

A

body part is farthest away from trunk of body

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7
Q

terminal

A

structure that is most distal

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8
Q

proximal

A

structure closer to trunk of body

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9
Q

median

A

middle, midline, divides body into right and left parts

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10
Q

medial

A

structure closer to or pointed towards median

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11
Q

lateral

A

structure pointing away from midline

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12
Q

superior

A

situated towards top of head, uses “supra-“ as abbreviation

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13
Q

inferior

A

situated towards the feet, uses “infra-“ “hypo-“ “sub-“ as abbreviation

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14
Q

superficial

A

structure closer to outer surface of body

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15
Q

deep

A

located under one or more overlying structures

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16
Q

external

A

structure is open to external environment

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17
Q

internal

A

structure is not open to external environment

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18
Q

palmar

A

anterior position of hand, also known as “volar”

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19
Q

dorsum/ posterior

A

back of hand

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20
Q

radial

A

refers to radius bone of forearm

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21
Q

ulnar

A

situated alongside pinky finger

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22
Q

plantar

A

bottom of foot

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23
Q

frontal

A

in direction of frontal bone

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24
Q

occipital

A

towards the occipital bone

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25
Q

coronal

A

divides body into front and back, also known as “frontal”

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26
Q

sagittal

A

splits body into left and right parts

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27
Q

transverse

A

divides body into upper and lower parts, also known as “axial”

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28
Q

supine

A

lying face up

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29
Q

prone

A

lying face down

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30
Q

right lateral decubitus

A

lying on your right side

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31
Q

left lateral decubitus

A

lying on your left side

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32
Q

unilateral

A

structure is only on ONE side of body

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33
Q

ipsilateral

A

two DIFFERENT structures that appear/occur on the same side of the body

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34
Q

contralateral

A

two DIFFERENT structures that appear/occur on opposite sides of the body

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35
Q

ventral body cavity

A

houses internal organs in 2 cavities

  • thoracic cavity
  • abdominopelvic cavity
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36
Q

dorsal body cavity

A

protects nervous system organs in 2 cavities

  • spinal/vertebral cavity
  • cranial cavity
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37
Q

cranial cavity

A

made up of bones of the skull and encases the brain

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38
Q

vertebral/ spinal cavity

A

encases the spinal cord

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39
Q

thoracic cavity

A

encases the heart and lungs

has two subdivisions:

  • 2 pleural cavities
  • mediastinum
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40
Q

2 pleural cavities

A

encases both the left and right lungs, within the thoracic cavity

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41
Q

mediastinum

A

areas b/w 2 lungs, contains a smaller cavity called the pericardial cavity, within thoracic cavity

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42
Q

pericardial cavity

A

area within the mediastinum, encloses the heart

43
Q

abdominopelvic cavity

A

encases the organs within the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

44
Q

abdominal cavity

A

encases the abdominal organs

  • contains the stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, spleen, and kidneys, and the lower part of the esophagus
45
Q

pelvic cavity

A

encases the pelvic organs

  • protects the rectum, bladder, iliac vessels, and internal reproductive organs.
46
Q

ventral body cavity

A

walls of ventral body cavity & outer surfaces of organs are covered by thin, double-layered serous membranes

contains two types of serous membranes : visceral membrane & parietal membrane

47
Q

serous membranes

A

provides protection & lubrication for body organs by creating substance called serous fluid

48
Q

visceral membrane

A

covers the surface of internal organs

49
Q

parietal membrane

A

internal lining of the body cavity wall

50
Q

specific types of serous membranes

A
  • pleura
  • pericardium
  • peritoneum
51
Q

pleura serous membrane

A

covers the lungs

52
Q

pericardium serous membrane

A

covers the heart

53
Q

peritoneum serous membrane

A

covers the abdominopelvic structures

54
Q

axial

A

is in the central area of the body

  • includes head, neck, & trunk
55
Q

appendicular

A

is the appendages or limbs of the body

  • includes both upper & lower extremities
56
Q

cranial

A

pertaining to skull

57
Q

facial

A

pertaining to face

58
Q

cephalic

A

pertaining to entire head

  • includes both cranial and facial regions together
59
Q

occipital

A

pertaining to back of head

60
Q

frontal

A

pertaining to forehead region

61
Q

otic

A

pertaining to ears

62
Q

nasal

A

pertaining to nose

63
Q

orbital

A

pertaining to eyes

64
Q

buccal

A

pertaining to cheek

65
Q

mental

A

pertaining to chin

66
Q

oral

A

pertaining to mouth

67
Q

cervical

A

pertaining to neck

68
Q

axillary

A

pertaining to underarms/armpits

69
Q

sternal

A

pertaining to breastbone (sternum)

70
Q

thoracic

A

pertaining to thorax/ chest region (front or back of body)

71
Q

mammary

A

pertaining to breast

72
Q

scapular

A

pertaining to shoulder blade (scapula)

73
Q

abdominal

A

pertaining to abdomen

74
Q

umbilical

A

pertaining to navel/belly button

75
Q

pubic

A

pertaining to genital area

75
Q

pubic

A

pertaining to genital area

76
Q

inguinal

A

pertaining to groin

  • area where the thigh attaches to pelvis
77
Q

coxal

A

pertaining to hip

78
Q

vertebral

A

pertaining to spinal column

79
Q

lumbar

A

pertaining to lower back region

80
Q

sacral

A

pertaining to sacrum

81
Q

acromial

A

pertaining to top of shoulder

82
Q

brachial

A

pertaining to arm

83
Q

antecubital

A

pertaining to front surface of elbow

84
Q

antebrachial

A

pertaining to forearm

85
Q

olecranal

A

pertaining to back surface of elbow

86
Q

carpal

A

pertaining to wrist

87
Q

palmar

A

pertaining to palm of hand

88
Q

manual

A

pertaining to entire hand

89
Q

digital

A

pertaining to digits

fingers AND toes

90
Q

pollex

91
Q

gluteal

A

pertaining to buttocks

92
Q

femoral

A

pertaining to thigh

93
Q

patellar

A

pertaining to front aspect of knee

94
Q

popliteal

A

pertaining to back aspect of knee

95
Q

crural

A

pertaining to front aspect of leg

also known as “shin”

96
Q

sural

A

pertaining to back of leg

“calf”

97
Q

fibular

A

pertaining to lateral (outside) aspect of lower leg

98
Q

tarsal

A

pertaining to ankle

99
Q

pedal

A

pertaining to entire foot

100
Q

calcaneal

A

pertaining to heel of foot

101
Q

plantar

A

pertaining to bottom of foot

102
Q

hallux

A

pertaining to first (big) toe

Anatomy & Physiology 1 (8 decks)

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