anaesthetic

Question 1

what is the definition of anaesthetic?

Answer 1

loss of sensation. medicine that cause anaesthetia are called anesthetic

Question 2

the moa of anesthetic .

Answer 2

stop the nerves from passing signals to the brain . this mean is do not feel anything

Question 3

type of anaesthetic.

Answer 3

• general anaesthetic
• local anaesthetic

Question 4

different between general and local anaesthetic.

Answer 4

general
- numb to whole body
- total unconscious
- no memory
- for major operation
- inject into vein or inhale gas

local
- numb at small part of body
- conscious but free from pain
- memory not affected
- for teeth removal , eye operation, c section , minor operation
- applied to topically or by injection

Question 5

what to prepare before general anaesthetic?

Answer 5

• fasting for 8 hours before surgery . this is because general anaesthetic will relax the muscles which can cause food from stomach to get into lungs
• stop taking medication that may increase bleeding ( warfarin , aspirin )

Question 6

what medication that need to take before surgery ?

Answer 6

• H2 blocker to reduce gastric acidity
• benzodiazepines to relieve anxiety and facilitate sleep
• opioid for analgesic
• antiemetic to prevent nausea

Question 7

what is the stage of general anaesthetic?

Answer 7

• stage 1 : induction
  stage from when you first take anesthetic until you go to sleep . you calm but able to talk for a while . you’re breathing is slow but regular and lose ability to feel pain .
• stage 2 : excitement
  this stage can be dangerous due to uncontrolled movement, fast heartbeat and irregular breathing. to shorten this stage , give opioid or short acting BZD bfr administered anesthetic.
• stage 3 : surgical anesthetic
  this stage , surgery can take place where eye stop moving and muscle completely relax
• stage 4 : medullary paralysis
  occur due to overdose, severe respiratory depression and it’s rare but can be fatal

Question 8

what is example of IV anesthetic drugs ?

Answer 8

• propofol
• thiopental sodium
• etomidate
• ketamine

Question 9

what is example of inhaled anesthetic?

Answer 9

• isoflurance and sevoflurance
• desflurance
• nitrous oxide

Question 10

what is the side effect of general anaesthetic drugs ?

Answer 10

• nausea and vomiting
• feeling cold and shivering
• confusion and memory loss
• dizzines
• sore throat

Question 11

what is the complication that can occur ?

Answer 11

• anesthetic awareness
• breathing problem
• nerve damage

Question 12

what is example of local anaesthetic drugs ?

Answer 12

• benzocaines
• lidocaine
• novocaine
• tetracaine

Question 13

what is formulation for local anesthetic?

Answer 13

• creams
• gels
• injections
• spray
• ointment

Question 14

how local anaesthetic works ?

Answer 14

• nerve block
  inject to nerves supply at particular part of body such as hand , arm or leg
• epidural
  inject given to area of lower back called epidural space to numb lower part of body for labor
• spinal anesthetic
  inject given within spinal to numb lower part of body for c section

Question 15

what is the side effect for local anesthetic?

Answer 15

• some discomfort when injection
• tingling sensation as medication wears off
• possible minor bruising , bleeding or soreness
• dizziness
• headache

Question 16

what is the side effect for local anesthetic?

Answer 16

• some discomfort when injection
• tingling sensation as medication wears off
• possible minor bruising , bleeding or soreness
• dizziness
• headache