Anaemia Flashcards
patient has microcytic anaemia and TIBC low, what is most likely cause?
anaemia of chronic disease
causes of a non-megaloblastic anaemia?
myelodysplasia methotrexate alcohol pregnancy hypothyroidism reticulocytosis marrow infiltration
patient has a microcytic anaemia with a high TIBC, what is the most likely cause?
iron deficiency anaemia
causes of a normocytic anaemia with normal/low reticulocyte count?
hypoplasia marrow infiltration aplastic anaemia CKD anaemia of chronic disease
features of iron deficiency anaemia?
angular stomatitis
pallor
atrophic tongue
koilonychia
is transferrin saturation low or high in iron deficiency anaemia?
low
blood film features of iron deficiency anaemia?
pencil poikilocytes
target cells
anisopoikilocytes (RBC of different sizes and shapes)
what screening test should be done in all patients presenting with iron deficiency anaemia?
coeliac serology - anti-TTG
treatment for iron deficiency anaemia prior to urgent surgery?
1g IV iron (ferric carboxymaltose)
oral ferrous sulphate
IgG associated autoimmune haemolytic anaemia?
warm AIHA
- autoimmune e.g. SLE
- drugs e.g. methyldopa
- CLL, lymphoma
IgM associated autoimmune haemolytic anaemia?
cold AIHA
- lymphoma
- infections e.g. mycoplasma, EBV
- CHAD
features of cold haemolytic anaemia ?
symptoms occur in cold temperatures as red cells haemolyse at < 4 degrees
reynauds phenomenon acrocyanosis - musky mottled discolouration or cyanosis of hands, feet and face macrocytic anaemia hx lymphoma, EBV, mycoplasma
what investigation would you carry out if you suspected autoimmune haemolytic anaemia?
direct anti globulin test
coombs test
causes of non-immune haemolytic anaemia.
DIC mechanical valve microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (TTP, ITP, malignancy, pre-eclampsia) malaria drugs e.g. dapsone
