Anaemia

Question 1

What is anaemia due to?

Answer 1

The decreased oxygen carrying capacity of blood due to a decrease in the quantity of haemoglobin

Question 2

Pregnancy and lactation can lead to anaemia. True or false?

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What is folic acid required for?

Answer 3

DNA synthesis

Question 4

What are the three classifications of anaemia by size?

Answer 4

Macrocystic
Microcystic
Normocystic

Question 5

What is macrocystic anaemia due to?

Answer 5

B12 deficiency or folic acid deficiency = large RBC

Question 6

What is microcystic anaemia due to?

Answer 6

Deficiency in iron = small RBCs

Question 7

What is normocystic anaemia due to?

Answer 7

Blood loss = normal RBCs

Question 8

What are the causes of microcystic anaemia?

Answer 8

Diet low in iron
Increased requirement for iron - pregnancy, lactation
Blood loss - trauma, GIT, menstruation

Question 9

How is microcystic anaemia treated?

Answer 9

Find out the underlying cause and/or

Oral iron

Question 10

Oral iron is the first line treatment for iron deficiency. True or false?

Answer 10

True

Question 11

The greatest iron absorption takes place before food. Why are patients advised to take iron with or after food?

Answer 11

Due to GIT disturbance

Question 12

What is the dose of elemental iron per day to treat iron deficiency?

Answer 12

100-200mg

Question 13

What is the dose of elemental iron per day for prophylaxis or mild iron deficiency?

Answer 13

60-130mg

Question 14

Where is the site where most iron is absorbed?

Answer 14

Duodenum

Question 15

What is the therapeutic response to oral iron therapy?

Answer 15

Haemoglobin should increase by 2g/100ml over 3-4 weeks

Question 16

How long should patient continue oral iron therapy for after haemoglobin level is back to normal?

Answer 16

3 months

Question 17

How can the adverse effects of oral iron therapy be reduced?

Answer 17

Changing the ferrous salt to one that has less elemental iron

Question 18

Iron and ascorbic acid combination not recommended. True or false?

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Iron and B12 vitamins not recommended. True or false?

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What is the combination of iron and folic acid used in?

Answer 20

Prophylaxis in pregnancy

Question 21

BNF recommends MR iron as it has a therapeutic advantage. True or false?

Answer 21

False - not recommended

Question 22

Effects of parenteral iron therapy are quicker than oral. True or false?

Answer 22

False

Question 23

Parenteral iron therapy is used for patients with chronic renal failure. True or false?

Answer 23

True

Question 24

What are the problems associated with parenteral iron therapy?

Answer 24

Pain
Stains skin
Risk of anaphylaxis

Question 25

Macrocystic anaemia can also be referred to as _______

Answer 25

megaloblastic

Question 26

What is the treatment for macrocystic anaemia?

Answer 26

Folic acid 5mg for 4 months

Question 27

What causes folic acid deficiency?

Answer 27

Diet
Alcoholism
Malabsorption
Pregnancy

Question 28

What is the drug that is given IM for treatment of B12 deficiency?

Answer 28

Hydroxocobalamin - life long treatment

Question 29

What are reticulocytes?

Answer 29

Immature red cells that develop into erythrocytes

Question 30

Iron is transported in plasma attached to transferrin. True or false?

Answer 30

True

Question 31

What is meant by serum iron?

Answer 31

Amount of iron attached to transferrin

Question 32

What is total iron binding capacity?

Answer 32

the total amount of iron the plasma could carry

Question 33

Methylmalonic acid levels are elevated in B12 deficiency but not folic acid. True or false?

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Serum folate levels are dependent on dietary consumption before test is done. True or false?

Answer 34

True