An End to the Lean Years 1926-1933 Flashcards
What were the key feature’s of Hitler’s return?
In February 1925, Hitler convinced the President of Bavaria to unban the Nazi party and he removed Alfred Rosenberg who was a poor leader and divided the party.
Gaeleiters were set in districts with gaeu to enforce control over Germany.
At Bamberg 1926, Hitler removed opposition. Strasser was made the Party Propaganda Leader and Goebbels was made the Gauleiter of Berlin. Hitler removed Ernst Rohm from power, fearing his threat to Hitler’s power, so Ernst von Salomon was set in charge. The SS, (Schutzstaffel), and Hitler Jugend were also founded.
Point 17 was ammended to only include Jewish land in 1928.
The Nazi party hit 100,000 members by 1928 as Hitler appealed to rural voters offering raised food prices. However, in 1928 the Nazis only had 12 seats. Strasser was removed.
What were the key feature’s of the Wall Street Crash (October 1929)?
In October 1929, the US stock market saw collapse.
Bankers and financiers recalled the Dawes Plan loans.
Stresemann was unable to help.
The international trade was contracting and exports fell after 1929.
Employers sacked workers an as a result farmers suffered falling food prices.
By 1921 unemployment was 6 million and revenue was shrinking, causing the threat of benefit cuts to loom large.
The lower classes wanted jobs and were creating a threat of a Communist Revolution, the KDP was on the rise and people were desperate for solutions.
What were the key feature’s of Bruning’s work while in Weimar?
In March 1930 he became the Chancellor and relied on Article 48 and Hindenburg. This was the death of the Reichstag as it was used less. By 1930, September, the Social Democrats lost 10 seats and had only 143, while the Nazis went from 12 to 107 seats.
He was nicknamed the ‘hunger chancellor,’ due to reduction of spending and by 1931 German banks collapsed and foreign investors left. Reparations were frozen. In May 1932 he resigned having done too little and too late. The Nazis rose in the ranks.
How did Goebbels raise awareness of Hitler during the September 1930 elections?
Goebbels raised awareness of the Nazis with mass rallies and the use of propaganda and posters. By the 1930s the Nazis had 120 newspapers and the media was used to negatively portray Weimar through the collapse of the German banks.
What were the key features of the September 1930 elections?
The Wall Street Crash left an impact. Hitler re-opened old wounds by claiming the coalitions had weak responses and only the Nazis could solve the problems. He mentioned Versailles and the November Criminals and scapegoated the Jews, claiming they were responsible for the evils of communism and capitalism, conspired the dolschtoss, helped to cause unemployment, and were planning a revolution.
As a result of the elections Bruning had 143 seats for the SDP and the Nazis reached 107. Bruning was increasingly reliant upon Article 48 and Hindenburg.
What were the key features of the presidential elections of 1932, March?
Goebbels used 5 flights a day to represent Hitler in the elections as well as using mass rallies. Hindenburg didn’t campaign. Hitler had only 11 million votes in March 1932 so round two was set.
What were the key features of the 1932, April, elections?
Hitler won the NSDAP 13 million votes but he was disappointed. Goebbels saw propaganda success and was impressed with the rise in voters! In July 1932, positive images of Hitler and the Nazis were used while the fears of the Communist threat were played on.
Describe the support received by the Nazis..
Thyssen, Krupp, and Bosch all feared the threat of Communism and supplied Hitler with money to aid his campaign in hopes he would ban the trade unions and Communist Party.
Hitler was permitted to publish articles in these elections to slag off Bruning by Alfred Hugenberg of the DNVP.
Describe the increasing violence of the SA with Ernst Rohm’s new employment…
Ernst Rohm was re-appointed leader of the SA in 1931 and membership hit 170,000 as a result. The SA were used to intimidate the public in order to get Hitler the vote, while they also had clashes with die Rotfrontkampfer, the Red Front Fighters of the Communist Party. Hitler felt only the NSDAP could restore Germany’s pride.
How did Hitler’s role increase the Nazi support?
Hitler used his 25 point plan and learned that he had to obtain power democratically to achieve his wants. He wanted to appeal to all members of society. He was seen both as a war hero and a German on the streets, he showed allegiance to Germany and his charisma inspired others.
What were the key features of the July 1932 elections?
100 deaths and 1125 injuries led to the elections.
On June 17th, 1932, Hamburg, 19 were killed.
Hitler got the most seats on July 31st with 230 seats. He did not have a majority. When he demanded von Papen of the Centre Party to give up his seat he was told in August by Hindenburg this would never happen.
In September, the Reichstag was dissolved.
By November new elections were set in hopes the Nazis would lose momentum, and they had 196 seats, 33.1%.
What were key features of political intrigue?
Von Papen suggested getting rid of the Weimar constitution as Hitler continued insisting on becoming Chancellor. Schleicher succeeded Papen as he suggested this would lead to civil war breaking out. He wanted to attain a majority with a Querfront, a crossover of different parties, leading to fears of a communist takeover.
In January 1933, Von Papen formed a Nazi-Nationalist coalition with Hitler, with him as vice-Chancellor. Hitler received industrialist support and Papen convinved Hindenburg that Hitler could be made to squeak. Making him Chancellor would bring peace.
When did he become chancellor?
30 January 1933
