Amyl Nitrate

Question 1

Brand Name

Answer 1

Amyl Nitrate

Question 2

Drug Class

Answer 2

Antidote

Question 3

Mechanism of action

Answer 3

Converts hemoglobin to methemoglobin which has higher affinity for cyanide. One bound to it, effectively keeps cyanide from entering other cells within the body.

Question 4

Indication

Answer 4

Cyanide poisoning along with Sodium Nitrite 300mg and Sodium Thiosulfite 12.5 g. These all work together to form thyanocyanate, which is readily secreted.

Question 5

Contraindications

Answer 5

None in the emergency setting

Question 6

Adverse Effects

Answer 6

Headache, dizziness, weakness, increased ICP, shortness of breath, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, syncope,, cayanosis

Question 7

Precautions

Answer 7

Increased hypotensive effects if pt is on Antihypertensive meds, phenothiazine’s, ETOH, or Beta Blockers

Question 8

Dose

Answer 8

1-2 ampules crushed and inhaled for 30 seconds every minute. After Sodium Nitrite, admin. 30 seconds each 5 minutes.
Pedi: 1 ampule, same rate