Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Vertebrates Quiz 1 > Amphibians > Flashcards

Amphibians Flashcards

1
Q

What are 4 characteristics of amphibians?

A

Non-amniotic eggs
Non keratinized (lacking fur, scales, feathers, claws- except clawed frog and bills)
Ectothermic
Skin permeable to water and gases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Do amphibian eggs have shells?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define ectothermic

A

Using the environment to regulate body temperature

Behavioral regulation chooses the locality within the habitat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why do amphibians require water and moist conditions?

A

Because their skin is highly permeable to water and gases

Makes the susceptible to air and water pollutants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why do spade foot toads have a spade?

A

Because they live in harsh environments like deserts as adults and dig down into substrate to keep cool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name some environments amphibians can be found in

A 
Ponds
Lakes
Streams
Riparian zones
Forests
Deserts
Tropical forests
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are warts on toads?

A

Tiny poison glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Costal grooves

A

Refers to visible rib-like structures and can vary in number and visibility depending on species
Grooves along side flanks of salamanders
Evolutionary purpose is currently unknown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are parotid glands and why are they usually easily visible?

A

Parotid glands are poison glands

Visible to ward off predators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do bright colours usually represent in amphibians?

A

That they are poisonous

Don’t need camouflage as much because the bright colours warn that they are poisonous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What I an aposematic pose?

A

A display of parotid glands or bright colours to ward of predators
Shown by rough skinned newt lifting. Front end to show bright belly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a common measurement of amphibians?

A

Snout- vent length

Snout tympanum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a naso-labial groove?

A

Grooves from the nostrils to the mouth that have a capillary action to draw up moisture for chemical information processing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why isn’t the tail if a salamander often measured?

A

Because the tail can fall off and be regrown so measurement an be inaccurate
Tail is difficult to straighten

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do frogs breathe?

A

Through their mouth(lungs)
Through their skin(mucus keeps skin moist to facilitate oxygen uptake)
- subcutaneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which glands produce poison?

A

Granular glands in the dermis under the epidermis

Larger than mucous glands?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Do frogs drink?

A

Not through their mouths
They absorb water through their skin like through a thin and absorbent belly patch that is close to the ground and therefore the water source.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe the western red-backed salamander including Latin name

A 
Plethodon vehiculum 
Lungless terrestrial salamander
Long,skinny and flat(large surface to volume ratio)
Red dorsal stripe
Short legs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

An aquatic salamander with gills

A

Mudpuppy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Aquatic salamander with lungs and folds of skin

A

Hellbender

Not local

21
Q

Why is the species name “vehiculum” given to the western red-backed salamander?

A

In the mating ritual the male gives the female a ride on his tail

22
Q

Do frogs and salamanders in bc exhibit any parental care for offspring?

A

No frogs

Some salamanders

23
Q

What 2 behaviors are common in mating rituals?

A

Call

Dances

24
Q

What kinds of of fertilization and reproductive modes are found in class Amphibia?

A 
Internal (cloaca)
External
Oviparous (egg laying)
Oviviparous (internal egg hatching)
Viviparous (live birth)
25
Q

What kind of effect can vocal calls have on mating?

A

Behavioral sexual isolation and species differentiation

Similar to birds

26
Q

2 main types of amplexus

And what is amplexus?

A

Amplexus is different locations for mating embraces and is species specific
Pectoral (chest) axillary (armpit)
Pelvic inguinal (groin)

27
Q

What is brood piracy and what can be the result?

A

External Fertilization by a male that did not take part in mating or amplexus after primary fertilization
Can result in genetic diversity of clutch

28
Q

What is a pedamorph?

A

An adult larval stage

29
Q

How do you tell salamander from frog tadpoles?

A

Salamander larva have external gills

30
Q

4 species of salamanders that have no aquatic phase (lay eggs on damp land)

A

Western red- backed
Coeur d’alene
Wandering
Ensatina

31
Q

Neoteny
What is it?
Which species do this?

A

Sexually mature larva no terrestrial phase
Similar to pedomorphosis
Sometimes only individuals, sometimes whole populations
Frequently observed in NW salamander, giant salamander, and tiger salamander

32
Q

Anurans

A

Frogs and toads

33
Q

What are the young unmetamorphosed amphibians of salamanders and frogs called?

A 
Salamanders= larva (generic)
Frogs = tadpoles
34
Q

What is predator swamping?

A

Toads transform synchronously to overwhelm predators
Similar to schooling behavior of fish
Based on safety in numbers

35
Q

What level are we supposed to know amphibians too?

A

Order

36
Q

Causes for global amphibian decline

A 
Habitat loss
Invasive/introduced species (culinary uses etc.)
Increased uv radiation (sensitive skin)
Pollution
Over-collection
Fungal pathogens
37
Q

Chytridiomycosis is a fungal pathogen caused by what fungus?

Summarize the threat it poses

A

Caused by Batrachochytrium dendiobatides

Opportunistic because of prior issues such as pollution and affects skin ability to breathe

38
Q

BC frog watch - what is it in brief?

A

A citizen participation project responsible for sightings of amphibians and reptiles

39
Q

What are 3 major clades/orders of amphibian phylogeny?

A

Gymnophonia (Apoda) - caecilians
Anura - frogs and toads
Caudata - salamanders and newts

40
Q

All toads are….

And all newts are…..?

A

Frogs

Salamanders

41
Q

What is Apoda?

A

‘not foot’

42
Q

Describe the gymnophonia or caecilians

A

Legless burrowing amphibians
Tropical
Bound to moist areas

43
Q

How many species and how many families of anurans are there in BC?

A

12 species in 5 families

44
Q

What are 2 main characteristics of anurans?

A

Tailless amphibians

Mostly external fertilization

45
Q

How many species and how many families of Caudata are there in BC?

A

9 species in 4 families

46
Q

What are 2 main characteristics of amphibians?

A

Tailed amphibians

Fertilization mostly internal

47
Q

Amphibians have 3 lifestyle types. What are they?

A

Aquatic, terrestrial and amphibious

48
Q

What are the green bits sometimes incorporated into some salamander eggs?

A

Green algae

49
Q

How do you tell amphibians from reptiles?

A

Reptiles have scales and claws

Vertebrates Quiz 1 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions