Amount Of Substance Flashcards
What units for volume must be paired with KPa?
dm3
How do you convert degrees Celsius to K?
+273
Define atom economy
Percentage proportion of reactants turned into useful products
What is the equation for atom economy?
(Molar mass of desired products/ molar mass of all products) X 100
(Take into account moles)
What is stoichiometry ?
The ratio of moles in a reaction
Define percentage yield
The actual yield as a percentage of the maximum theoretical yield
What is the equation for percentage yield ?
(Actual yield/theoretical yield) X 100
Define water of crystallisation
The water bonded into the crystalline structure of a hydrated compound
What is avogadro’s constant?
6.02x10^23
Why is a higher atom economy better?
Less waste
Less pollution
Less raw materials used
Many raw materials = non renewable so more sustainable
Less energy (less fossil fuels burned and cost)
Less cost as less separation
What is the equation for mole of a gas at RTP?
Vm
n= ——-
24
What is RTP
101 KPa
20 degrees
What volume is occupied by one mole of any gas?
24 dm3
What is the equation for moles of a solid
+ units
m
n= ———
M
n= mol
M= gmol ^-1
m= gWhy is avogadros constant 6.02^23?
In one mole there is the same number of particles as atoms in 12g of c-12
How many atoms are there in 12g of c-12?
6.02x10^23
What is avogadros law?
One mole of any gas will occupy 24 dm^3
What does crystalline mean?
Ions molecules or atoms arranged in an ordered 3D shape
How is the water of crystallisation combined into the crystalline structure of a hydrated compound?
Partial charges (due to polar bond) allow forces of attraction to form between ions in ionic lattice for example
When is the atom economy 100%?
In addition reactions
Why do substitution reactions never have 100% atom economy?
Have 2 products
What is a limiting reagent?
Reactant used up first
