Amount Of Substance Flashcards

1
Q

What units for volume must be paired with KPa?

A

dm3

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2
Q

How do you convert degrees Celsius to K?

A

+273

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3
Q

Define atom economy

A

Percentage proportion of reactants turned into useful products

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4
Q

What is the equation for atom economy?

A

(Molar mass of desired products/ molar mass of all products) X 100

(Take into account moles)

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5
Q

What is stoichiometry ?

A

The ratio of moles in a reaction

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6
Q

Define percentage yield

A

The actual yield as a percentage of the maximum theoretical yield

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7
Q

What is the equation for percentage yield ?

A

(Actual yield/theoretical yield) X 100

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8
Q

Define water of crystallisation

A

The water bonded into the crystalline structure of a hydrated compound

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9
Q

What is avogadro’s constant?

A

6.02x10^23

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10
Q

Why is a higher atom economy better?

A

Less waste
Less pollution
Less raw materials used
Many raw materials = non renewable so more sustainable
Less energy (less fossil fuels burned and cost)
Less cost as less separation

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11
Q

What is the equation for mole of a gas at RTP?

A

Vm
n= ——-
24

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12
Q

What is RTP

A

101 KPa

20 degrees

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13
Q

What volume is occupied by one mole of any gas?

A

24 dm3

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14
Q

What is the equation for moles of a solid

+ units

A
m
n= ———
         M
n= mol
M= gmol ^-1
m= g
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15
Q

Why is avogadros constant 6.02^23?

A

In one mole there is the same number of particles as atoms in 12g of c-12

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16
Q

How many atoms are there in 12g of c-12?

A

6.02x10^23

17
Q

What is avogadros law?

A

One mole of any gas will occupy 24 dm^3

18
Q

What does crystalline mean?

A

Ions molecules or atoms arranged in an ordered 3D shape

19
Q

How is the water of crystallisation combined into the crystalline structure of a hydrated compound?

A

Partial charges (due to polar bond) allow forces of attraction to form between ions in ionic lattice for example

20
Q

When is the atom economy 100%?

A

In addition reactions

21
Q

Why do substitution reactions never have 100% atom economy?

A

Have 2 products

22
Q

What is a limiting reagent?

A

Reactant used up first