Aminoglycosides

Question 1

Antibiotics that bind to 30S

Answer 1

Aminoglycosides
Spectinomycin
Tetracyclines

Question 2

Antibiotics that bind to 50S

Answer 2

macrolides
chloramphenicol
lincosamides
streptogramins
oxazolidinonesv
pleuromutilins

Question 3

Aminoglycosides (AGs)

Answer 3

streptomycin
Gentamicin
Amikacin
Tobramycin
Netilmycin

Question 4

MOA of Aminoglycosides (AGs)

Answer 4

AGs bind to 30s ribosomal subunit causing misreading of code causing insertion of wrong amino acid

Question 5

Are ahminoglycosides bactericidal or static?

Answer 5

Bactericidal

Question 6

What antibiotics have PAE

Answer 6

aminoglycosides

Question 7

Streptomycin

Answer 7

least toxic
least active to gram negative bacilli

Question 8

What is streptomycin used to treat

Answer 8

TB
Yesinia pestis (plague)
Tularemia

Question 9

Tobramycin

Answer 9

most active against pseudomonas

Question 10

Gentamicin

Answer 10

more active against Enterobacteriaceae

Question 11

Amikacin

Answer 11

used when there is resistant to other AGs
has broadest spectrum of AGs
first choice for serious nosocomial gram negative infections when resistance to gentamicin and tobramycin are a problem

Question 12

Resistance to aminoglycosides

Answer 12

inactivation of AGs
decreased binding to active site
decreased uptake by porins

Question 13

How are aminoglycosides administered

Answer 13

only given parenterally

Question 14

What do you have to monitor when giving aminoglycosides?

Answer 14

plasma level (peak and trough) due to toxicity

Question 15

Peak and trough levels for gentamicin and tobramycin

Answer 15

peak levels should be 5-10

trough should be < 2

Question 16

When is a nomogram used

Answer 16

Aminoglycosides

Question 17

ADE Aminoglycosides

Answer 17

Nephrotoxicity (neomycin)
Ototoxicity
Neuromuscular paralysis
Allergic runs (contact dermatitis with neomycin)