Amazonian Conservation Flashcards
What are strategies to saving the Amazon?
Create PA/recognise indigenous reserves, improve governance, market demand for deforestation-free commodities, enhance economic value of forest livelihoods, generate financial revenues from Payments for Ecosystem Services Schemes.
What is the extent of agriculture in the Amazon?
80 million hectares occupied by Ranchers/Smallholders, with equivalent amount at risk of deforestation
What is the point of DFC?
Currenty buisness model incentivises deforestation.
Conduct Adjustment Agreement
This outlines expectations/responsibilities of parties involved in particular matters,
Soya Moratorium
Where traders agree to avoid purchase of soybeans from areas deforested after 08.
Why did 04-12 have drastic deforestation reduction?
70% associated with US dollar exchange rate against Brazillian Real fell by half, making exports less profitable.
What are examples of variability of deforestation rates?
16/17 saw 16% decrease, whilst 15/16 saw 29% increase, with Cerrado seeing 46% in 2015.
The Amazon Fund
This is an REDD mechanism attempting to combat deforestation.
What governance changed with 19 Bolsonaro?
Indigenous land transferred from Minisitry of Justice to Agriculture, and climate elimination from Environment to Foreign Affairs.
What are Soya Moratorium bypasses?
Laundering: selling soya in complex supply chains, leakage with plantings on pre-08 cleared cattle ranches, deforesting for cattle.
What is an example of SM bypass?
Mato Grosso has vast pre-cattle land used for soya.
What is the Terms of Adjusment for Cattle?
In 09 stating post-08 cleared cattle ranches cannot be sold to meatpackers and not signatories of TAC.
How is monitoring ineffective?
08-13, 45% Amazonian deforestation not detected, only 24% recieving fines, with only 0.2-5% fines actually paid.
