Alveolar Bone Architecture and pathologies Flashcards
what is the architecture/shape of the tooth associated facial and lingual cortical bone dictated by
-facial-lingual alignment of teeth
-mesial distal contour of CEJ
- facial lingual width of the teeth
-presence of enamel pearly or cervical enamel projections
what is the architecture of the interproximal alveolar bone dictated by
-facial-lingual contour of the CEJ
-mesial-distal tilt to the tooth
-root proximitiy
-presence of enamel pearls
-state of tooth eruption
what is fenestration
-an isolated port hole window in the cortical bone that allows exposure of the underlying root surface
- excessive buccal inclination
what might cause fenestration
orthodontics- moving teeth too quickly or genetics
what is a dehiscence
a denuded area of cortical bone that extends through the marginal bone creating a cleft like defect
what is an exostosis
area of bone formation that exceeds the average for a given anatomical area
-refers to maxillary facial and lingual and mandibular facial
-typically not precancerous
what is a tori
-area of bone formation that exceeds average for a given area
- refers to the mandibular lingual or midline of the palate
what is a giant cell tumor and what does it look like histologically
-generally asymptomatic expansion of bone, usually a single lesion that can be either unilocular or multilocular
- histologically characterized by presence of numerous multinucleated giant cells in stroma of ovoid and spindle shaped mesenchymal cells
what is a giant cell tumor often confused with
ameloblastoma, periapical granuloma, or periapical cyst
what is a multiple myeloma
-malignancy of plasma cell origin that accounts for nearly 50% of all malignancies involving bone
- abnormal plasma cells are typically monoclonal (arise from a single cell, all look the same)
what can a multiple myleoma cause in the kidneys
kidney failure due to overload of circulating light chain protein produced by the abnormal plasma cells and clot the kidneys causing failure
what does a multiple myeloma look like histologically and radiographically
histologically: monotomous sheets of neoplastic variably differentiated plasmacytoid cells that invade and replace normal host tissues
radiographically: patients may exhibit punched out areas in the cranium filled with neoplastic plasmacytoid cells
what is an osteogenic sarcoma
a malignancy of mesenchymal cells that have the ability to produce osteoid or immature bone
-excluding hematopoietic neoplasms, osteogenic sarcoma is the most common type of mlignancy to originate within bone
what are the most common symptoms of an osteogenic sarcoma
pain and swelling, it is one of the few cancers in the head and neck that cause pain and swelling
what does an osteogenic sarcoma look like radiographically
sense sclerosis to a mixed sclerotic radiolucent lesion. about 25% of lesions exhibit a sunburst pattern
