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1
Q

botulinum toxin

A

blocks vesicle fusion and ACh release

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2
Q

amphetamine

A
  1. release NA from vesicles
  2. CNS
  3. Adderal
  4. substrate for catecholamine transporter
  5. horner’s test 3rd lesion
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3
Q

tyramine

A
  1. release NA from vesicles
  2. metabolized by MAO
  3. danger of hypertension and dysryhtmias
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4
Q

cocaine

A
  1. blocks uptake 1 of NA
  2. local anesthetic
  3. CNS effects dominate
  4. horner’s syndrome test
    `
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5
Q

tricyclic antidepressants

A
  1. blocks uptake 1 of NA
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6
Q

acetylcholine

A

choline ester
poorly absorbed from GI
nicotinic and muscarinic

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7
Q

carbachol

A

choline ester
poorly absorbed from GI
nicotinic and muscarinic

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8
Q

bethanechol

A

choline ester
poorly absorbed from GI
muscarinic

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9
Q

methacholine

A

choline ester
poorly absorbed from GI
asthma

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10
Q

muscarine

A

muscarinic agonist
parasympathetic
slow heart, decrease rate + contraction
endothelium-dependent blood vessel dilation
M3
increased secretion in respiratory
increase secretion and activity GI
bladder voiding

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11
Q

oxotremorine

A

muscarinic agonist
parasympathetic
slow heart, decrease rate + contraction
endothelium-dependent blood vessel dilation
M3
increased secretion in respiratory
increase secretion and activity GI
bladder voiding

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12
Q

pilocarpine

A

muscarinic agonist
parasympathetic
slow heart, decreased rate + contraction
endothelium-dependent blood vessel dilation
M3
increased secretion in respiratory
increase secretion and activity GI
bladder voiding
reduced IOP in glaucoma
miosis
myopia

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13
Q

nicotine

A

nicotinic agonist
CNS effects
sympathetic in cardio
parasympathetic in GI
contractile in skeletal muscle

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14
Q

edrophonium

A

reversible, simple alcohol
anticholinesterase
sympathetic on vascular system
but similar effects to cholinergic agonists

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15
Q

neostigmine

A

carbamic esters, reversible
anticholinesterase
sympathetic on vascular system
but similar effects to cholinergic agonists

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16
Q

malathion

A

insecticide, organophosphate
anticholinesterase

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17
Q

soman

A

nerve gas, organophosphate
anticholinesterase
sympathetic on vascular system
but similar effects to cholinergic agonists
nerve gas poisining = cardiac arrest, fluid in lungs

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18
Q

succinylcholine

A

nicotinic antagonist
paralysis during surgery

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19
Q

D-tubocurarine

A

nicotinic antagonist

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20
Q

alpha-bungarotoxin

A

nicotinic antagonist

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21
Q

atropine

A

muscarinic antagonist
used for dilation for ocular exams

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22
Q

scopolamine

A

muscarinic antagonist
motion sickness

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23
Q

ipratropium

A

COPD muscarinic antagonist
M1-M3 nonspecific

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24
Q

adrenaline

A

sympathomimetics
mix with local anesthetics to improve the duration
anaphylaxis

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25
noradrenaline
sympathiomimetic
26
phentolamine
all alpha antagonist lowers BP, promotes tachycardia used to treat adrenal tumour
27
phenylephrine
alpha 1 agonist increase BP but decrease heartrate decongestant mydriasis
28
prazosin
alpha 1 antagonist less tachycardia because alpha 2 still works urinary obstruction
29
clonidine
alpha 2 agonist
30
yohimbine
alpha 2 antagonist
31
isoproterenol/isoprenaline
all beta agonist decrease BP, increase HR cardiac stimulant heart block
32
propranolol
all beta antagonist hypertension, hyperthyroidism
33
dobutamine
beta 1 agonist acute heart failure cardiogenic shock
34
metoprolol
beta 1 antagonist
35
salbutamol
beta 2 agonist
36
methylphenidate
amphetamine increases NA release
37
carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
affects secretion from ciliary body
38
timolol
no local anesthetic effects reduced secretion of aqueous humor, lowers IOP
39
physostigmine
anticholinesterase lower IOP
40
cannabinoids
lower IOP relaxing trabecular network
41
anandamide
endogenous ligand for cannabinoid receptors
42
salbutamol
beta 2 agonist short acting 3-5 hours asthma
43
terbutaline
beta 2 agonist short acting 3-5 hours asthma
44
salmeterol
beta 2 agonist long-acting 8-12 hours asthma
45
formoterol
beta 2 agonist long-acting 8-12 hours dysrythmias , tachycardia, tremor asthma
46
theophylline
inhibits PDE, bronchodilation inhibits adenosine receptors inhibits release of calcium CNS toxities and cardiovascular (+GI) asthma
47
aminophylline
inhibits PDE, bronchodilation inhibits adenosine receptors inhibits release of calcium CNS toxities and cardiovascular (+GI) asthma
48
montelukast
cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist asthma
49
zafirlukast
cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist asthma inhibits CYP3A4
50
beclometasone
glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory asthma
51
budenoside
glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory asthma
52
fluticasone
glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory asthma
53
ciclesonide
glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory asthma
54
prednisolone
glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory asthna
55
omalizumab
anti-IgE treatment for asthma anaphylaxis
56
mepolizumab
IL-5 inhibition for asthma adverse:headache, oropharyngeal pain, injection site rxs
57
reslizumab
IL-5 inhibition for asthma
58
tiotropium
inhaled anticholinergic for COPD M3 selectivity
59
roflumilast
phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor for COPD adverse: GI, weightloss, nausea
60
levodopa
parkinsons precursor to dopamine penetratres BBB 1-3% enters brain adverse: GI, cardio, DYSKENESIAS, behavior
61
carbidopa
inhibits DDC permits up to 10% of levodopa to enter brain
62
sinemet
carbodopa + levidopa
63
bromocriptine
D2 agonist ergot parkinsons similar adverse to levodopa
64
pergolide
D1 & D2 agonist ergot parkinsons
65
pramipexole
non-ergot parkinsons dopamine agonist
66
ropinirole
non-ergot parkinsons dopamine agonist
67
selegiline
MAO blocker parkinsons used when levodopa effects start to decline
68
rasagiline
MAO blocker parkinsons used when levodopa effects start to decline
69
tolcapone
COMT inhibitor central and peripgheral parkinsons
70
entacapone
peripheral COMT inhibitor pakinsons
71
amantadine
NMDA blocker parkinsons antiviral agent
72
biperiden
anticholinergic for parkinsons
73
ophrenadine
anticholinergic for parkinsons
74
trihexyphenidyl
anticholinergic for Parkinson's
75
phenytoin
antiseizure Na/K channel block blocks Ca conductance general and GTC
76
carbamazepine
antiseiure trigeminal neuralgia similar action as phenytoin partial related to tricyclic antidepressants
77
phenobarbital
oldest seizure drug used for <2 year olds suppresses excitatory transmission GABA
78
ethosuximide
T-type channel inhibitoin anti seizure absence seizures
79
valproic acid
increase NPY in brain antiseizure absense myoclonic primary MTC partial
80
benzodiazepines
allosteric modulator of GABArs status epileptucus
81
clonazepam
benzodiazepine
82
vigabatrin
inhibits GABA-transaminase anti sezire irreversible
83
tiagabine
gaba REUPTAKE inhibitor for sesiures
84
lamotrigine
add on therapy rash in pediatric patients acts like phenytoin
85
felbamate
partially blocks NMDA receptors via glyxine SERIOUS adverse effects

pmcol 343 (9 decks)

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