(Aliphatic) Organic Synthesis Chp 28

Question 1

Alkane -> Haloalkane

Answer 1

Halogen UV

Question 2

Alkene -> Haloalkane

Answer 2

Hydrogen halide

Question 3

Alkene -> Alcohol

Answer 3

H2O (steam)/ H3PO4

Question 4

Alkene —> Alkane

Answer 4

H2/Ni -150•C

Question 5

Haloalkane —> Nitrile

Answer 5

NaCN or KCN in ethanol

Question 6

Haloalkane —> Amine

Answer 6

NH3 in ethanol

Question 7

Haloalkane —> Alcohol

Answer 7

NaOH (aq)

Question 8

Alcohol —> Aldehyde

Answer 8

K2Cr2O7/H2SO4 distil

Question 9

Alcohol —> Carboxylic acid

Answer 9

Excess K2Cr2O7/ Conc H2SO4 under reflux

Question 10

Alcohol —> Alkene

Answer 10

H2SO4 or H3PO4 under reflux

Question 11

Alcohol —> Haloalkane

Answer 11

Sodium halide/H2SO4 under reflux

Question 12

Alcohol—> Ester

Answer 12

Carboxylic acid/ conc.H2SO4/heat
Or
Acid anhydride
Or
Acyl Chloride

Question 13

Aldehyde/Ketone—> Hydroxynitrile

Answer 13

NaCN(aq)/H+

Question 14

Alde/Ket —> Alcohol

Answer 14

NaBH4

Question 15

CA —> Ester

Answer 15

Alcohol and Conc H2SO4 + heat

Question 16

CA —> Acyl Chloride

Answer 16

SOCl2

Question 17

Ester —> Carboxylate Salt

Answer 17

Hot aqueous dilute alkali with heat e.g NaOH or NH3

Question 18

Acyl chloride —> CA

Answer 18

H2O

Question 19

Acyl Chloride —> Primary amide

Answer 19

NH3

Question 20

Acyl Chloride —> Secondary Amide

Answer 20

Primary amine

Question 21

Nitrile —> Amine

Answer 21

H2/Ni catalyst

Question 22

Ester —> CA

Answer 22

hot aqueous acid e.g H2SO4 and H3PO4

Question 23

Nitrile—> CA

Answer 23

H2O and HCl with heat

Question 24

Acyl Chloride –> Ester

Answer 24

Alcohol