19.1 Equilibrium Flashcards
If Kc>1
- The concentration of products is greater than concentration of reactants
- The equilibrium lies to right hand side. (Other way round for Kc<1)
Homogenous equilibrium
When all the products and reactants of the equilibrium are in the same state.
What states are not included in an equilibrium constant?
Solids and pure liquids
What practical methods are used to find Kc?
- Colourimetry
- Titration
Kc equations
Kc= [C]^c x [D]^d
——————-
[A]^a x [B]^b
What states are included in an equilibrium constant?
(aq) and (g)
Kp equation
Kp= p(C)^c x p(D)^d
————————
p(A)^a x p(B)^b
p(X)= partial pressure
Mole fraction
Mole fraction x(A) = number of moles of A/ total number of moles in a gas mixture
Partial pressure
partial pressure p(A)= mole fraction of A x total pressure
p(A) = x(A) x P
How does a catalyst affect the equilibrium constant?
- they affect the rate of a chemical reaction but not the position of equilibrium
- they speed up both the foward and reverse reactions in the same factor
What are the units used for total pressure in a partial pressure equation?
kPa , Pa or Atm (keep it with original one)
How does concentration affect the equilibrium constant?
Concentration cannot affect Kc because the ratio of products and reactants will remain the same when the equilibrium is re-established.
How does temperature affect the equilibrium constant?
Temperature affects Kc and Kp because a new equilibrium is established.
When can moles be used as concentration in an equilibrium equation?
Moles can be used as concentration when the products and reactants have the same ratio because the volume cancels out (no units)
What is proportional to moles in gases?
Volume
