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Organic Chemistry > Aldehydes & Ketones > Flashcards

Aldehydes & Ketones Flashcards

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1
Q

Are aldehydes and ketones polar or nonpolar?

A

Polar

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2
Q

Aldehydes and ketones have _____ boiling points than similar alcohols.

A

Lower

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3
Q

Can aldehydes and ketones have intermolecular hydrogen bonding?

A

No

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4
Q

Aldehydes and ketones are _______ in organic solvents.

A

Soluble

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5
Q

Aldehydes and ketones with 6 C’s or less are _______ in water.

A

Soluble

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6
Q

Aldehydes and ketones with 7 C’s or more are _________ in water.

A

Insoluble

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7
Q

What is the simplest aldehyde?

A

Formaldehyde (Methanal / Formalin)

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8
Q

It is the starting material for synthesis of resins and plastics.

A

Formalin

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9
Q

It is sold as formalin, a 37% aqueous solution used to preserve biological specimens.

A

Formaldehyde

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10
Q

What is the simplest ketone?

A

Acetone (Propanone / Dimethyl Ketone)

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11
Q

It is an industrial solvent and a starting material for organic polymers.

A

Acetone

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12
Q

It is produced in the breakdown of fatty acids in the body.

A

Acetone

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13
Q

The major component of cinnamon bark.

A

Cinnamaldehyde

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14
Q

The primary component of the extract of the vanilla bean.

A

Vanillin

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15
Q

The characteristic odor of lemon grass, used in perfumery and in synthesis of vitamin A.

A

Citral (3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal)

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16
Q

The odor of citronella candles, used to repel mosquitoes.

A

Citronellal (3,7-dimethyl -6-octenal)

17
Q

Aldehydes can be oxidized to?

A

Carboxylic Acids

18
Q

Aldehydes and ketones undergo ________ reactions.

A

Addition reactions

19
Q

Can ketones be oxidized?

A

No

20
Q

Aldehydes are reduced to _______ alcohols.

A

Primary Alcohols

21
Q

Ketones are reduced to _________ alcohols.

A

Secondary Alcohols

22
Q

Is formaldehyde a solid, liquid, or gas?

A

Gas

23
Q

It is used in embalming, tanning, preparing glues, and polymeric products, as germicides, insecticides, and fungicides for plants. It is also used in drug testing and photography.

A

Formaldehyde

24
Q

It is largely used for the production of acetic acid and pyridine derivatives.

A

Acetaldehyde

25
Q

Is used in perfumes, cosmetic products, and dyes. It is added to provide almond flavor to food products and also used as a bee repellent.

A

Benzaldehyde

26
Q

It is an excellent solvent for a number of plastics and synthetic fibers.

A

Acetone

27
Q

In medicine, it is used in chemical peeling and for acne treatments.

A

Acetone

28
Q

Also known as butanone, it is a common solvent.

A

Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK)

29
Q

It is used in the production of textiles, varnishes, plastics, paint remover, paraffin wax, etc. It is also used as a welding agent for plastics due to its dissolving properties.

A

Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK)

30
Q

It is another important ketone which is primarily used in the production of nylon.

A

Cyclohexanone

Organic Chemistry (9 decks)

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