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Alimentary System > Alcohol Related Disease > Flashcards

Alcohol Related Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What does alcohol cause in the liver causing direct toxicity?

A 
Hypoglycaemia 
Acidosis 
Ketosis 
Steatosis 
Steatohepatitis
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2
Q

What can alcohol cause in the alimentary system?

A

Hepatic encephalopathy
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
Alcoholic hepatitis

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3
Q

What is hepatic encephalopathy?

A

Permanent brain dysfunction as a result of liver failure

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4
Q

What are the causes of hepatic encephalopathy?

A 
Infection 
Drugs 
Constipation 
GI bleed 
Electrolyte disturbance
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5
Q

What are the signs of advanced liver disease?

A 
Spider naevi 
Palmar erythema 
Gynaecomastia 
Loss of axillary and pubic hair 
Ascites 
Encephalopathy 
Jaundice 
Muscle wasting
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6
Q

What lab investigations would be done to diagnose liver disease?

A

AAT and ALT
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)
MAcrocytosis
Thrombocytopenia

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7
Q

What is the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy?

A

Bowel clear out - lactulose or enema
Antibiotics for any underlying infection
Supportive care - ITU, airway support, nasogastric tube

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8
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?

A 
Abdominal pain 
Fever/rigors 
Renal impairment 
Signs of sepsis - tachycardia, fever 
Ascites
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9
Q

What investigations would be done if suspecting spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?

A

Ascitic tap
Fluid protein and glucose levels
Fluid culture
White cell content

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10
Q

What is the treatment for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?

A

IV antibiotics
Ascetic fluid drainage
IV albumin infusion

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11
Q

What is the typical presentation of alcoholic hepatitis?

A

Jaundice
Encephalopathy
Infection
Decompensated liver function - low albumin, raised prothrombin time

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12
Q

What investigations would be done if suspecting alcoholic hepatitis?

A

Bilirubin levels
GGT
Alkaline phosphatase
Alcohol history

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13
Q

What is the treatment of alcoholic hepatitis?

A 
Palliative 
Treat infection and encephalopathy 
Treat alcohol withdrawal 
Protect against GI bleeding 
ITU care 
Treat any renal damage 
Steroids if severe grading on Glasgow Alcoholic Hepatitis score 
Nutritional supplements
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14
Q

What is fatty liver disease related to?

A

Obesity
Diabetes
Hypercholesterolaemia
Alcohol

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15
Q

What is steatohepatitis?

A

Fat and inflammation in the liver

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16
Q

The histology of steatohepatitis will be similar to the histology of what other condition?

A

Alcohol induced liver damage

17
Q

What proportion of patients with fatty liver disease will progress to cirrhosis?

A

1/4

18
Q

What investigations would be done if suspecting fatty liver disease?

A

Ultrasound
Liver biopsy
ALT

19
Q

What is the treatment for fatty liver disease?

A

Treatment based on causative factors

Weight loss, alcohol abstinence etc.

Alimentary System (29 decks)

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