Alcohol Metabolism

Question 1

The metab of ethanol results in massive increase in the concentration of cytosolic____ in the liver

Answer 1

NADH

Question 2

Ethanol —-> ______

Answer 2

Acetaldehyde

By enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase

Question 3

Acetaldehyde —-> _______

Answer 3

Acetate
By enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase
Inhibited by disulfiram

Question 4

Enzyme inhibited by disulfiram

Answer 4

Acetaldehyde dh

Question 5

Accumulation of this leads to flushingm tacycardia,hyperventilation and nausea

Answer 5

Acetaldehyde

Question 6

Alternate pathway for ethanol metab induced in chronic alcoholics

Answer 6

Micrisomal ethanol oxidation system

Question 7

Site of microsomal ethanol oxidation

Answer 7

SER, requires CYP2E1 from CYP450

Question 8

High NADH in alcohol metab favor hypoglycemia by stimulating these conversions (2)

Answer 8

Pyruvate—-> lactate

OAA—-> malate

Question 9

Explains ketoacidosis in alcohol metab

Answer 9

Dec OAA (since diverted sya to malate), so acetyl coa is diverted to ketone body synthesis in liver

Question 10

Reason for thiamine def in alocholic

Answer 10

Thiamine absorption is inhibted by alcohol

Poor diet

Question 11

Increase/
Dec in chronic alcohol consumption

Fatty acid oxidation
NAD/NADH ratio
Lipogenesis
Fatty acid availabity
Glyceraldehyde3 phosphate availabity

Answer 11

Decrease
Dcrease
Inc
Inc
Inc

Question 12

Smooth philtrum, thin smooth vernillion border of the upper lip
Short palpebralfissures
Short upturned nose
Microcephaly

Answer 12

Fetal alcohol syndrome