Alcohol Flashcards
The primary enzyme involved in metabolism of ethanol.
alcohol dehydrogenase
The initial metabolism of ethanol occurring in the stomach.
first-pass metabolism
The speed at which ethanol enters the bloodstream from the stomach.
rate of absorption
The amount of ethanol in the blood relative to water.
blood alcohol content (BAC)
The toxic product of ethanol metabolism, which has to be further metabolized immediately to avoid its toxic effects.
Acetaldehyde
The enzyme used to metabolize toxic acetaldehyde.
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
True or false?
Just like carbohydrates and fats, ethanol metabolism is regulated by hormones and excess ethanol in the blood is stored within soft tissues for later use.
False
Which of the following are reasons why men, on average, will have a lower blood alcohol content (BAC) than women after consuming the same quantity of ethanol?
Select all that apply.
A. Men have a higher percentage of bodily water
B. First pass metabolism is greater in men
C. Men use ethanol for energy differently than women
D. Women can tolerate higher BACs than men
A. Men have a higher percentage of bodily water
B. First pass metabolism is greater in men
What is the end-product of ethanol metabolism, which is then converted to acetyl-CoA similar to the beta-oxidation of fatty acids?
Acetate
What is moderate drinking classified as?
One standard drink for women, two standard drinks for men.
Why can men drink more than women (why is their BAC lower after drinking the same amount)?
More percentage of water in body, greater first pass metabolism
Calories left over in a diet once nutritional requirements have been met.
discretionary energy
Like the way in which excess glucose alters whole-body fat oxidation, excess ______, produced during the metabolism of ethanol, is transported and oxidized in peripheral tissue at the expense of normal fat oxidation.
acetate
What is produced during ethanol metabolism?
acetate
What is the definition of a standard drink?
A beverage containing 0.6 ounces of ethanol