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Flight Paramedic Certification Study set > Airway management/drugs > Flashcards

Airway management/drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a major cause of preventable death?

A

Managing airway

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2
Q

What is the pediatric assessment triangle?

A

A- Appearance
B-Work of breathing
C- Circulation

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3
Q

How do you determine ETT size for pediatrics?

A

16-age in years /4

estimated by using the child’s nares size or diameter of index finger

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4
Q

Describe the LEMON difficult intubation assessment?

A

L=Look E=Evaluate 3-3-2 (3 fingers in mouth, 3 finger between jaw and hypoid, 2 fingers between hyoid and thyroid. M=Mallampati (I-IV). O=Obstructions N= Neck mobility

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5
Q

What age is the minimum for cric

A

8 years old in age

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6
Q

What is the HEAVEN criteria?

A

H=Hypoxemia <93% at the time of initial tube
E= Extremes in size
A= Anatomic challenges (trauma, mass, swelling, etc.)
V=Vomit/blood/fluid (use the SALAD technique)
E=Exsanguination/Anemia
N= Neck Mobility

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7
Q

What is sellick’s maneuver?

A

Posterior pressure to cricoid (to prevent aspiration)
This is not recommended any longer
Can occlude esophagus

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8
Q

What is BURP?

A

Backward, upward. rightward pressure

Pressure must be maintained until intubation is complete

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9
Q

What is External Laryngeal manipulation?

A

This is a hold that brings cords into view

Assistant holds position

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10
Q

What is the gold standard for checking tube placement?

A

Chest X-ray

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11
Q

Where should you see the distal tip of your ET tube?

A

4-5 cm above carina +/- 2

around level of T2-T3

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12
Q

Where should you see the murphy’s eye

A

Where the clavicles meet

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13
Q

Where can you find the carina?

A

About T5-T7

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14
Q

What should your ETT cuff be inflated at?

A

20-30

25 gold standard

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15
Q

Optimal intubation should be performed with patient’s ear level to where?

A

Sternal notch

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16
Q

What airway adjunct provides maximum protection against aspiration?

A

ETT

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17
Q

What are two treatments you should consider if your patient is hypotensive prior to induction?

A

Fluid bolus and push dose pressors

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18
Q

What are induction agents for intubation?

A

Etomidate
Ketamine
Versed
Propofol

19
Q

What is the onset and duration for Etomidate?

A

15-45 seconds onset

3-12 min duration

20
Q

Which induction agent is best used for conscious sedation?

A

Etomidate

21
Q

What is the onset and duration of Ketamine?

A

40-60 second onset

10-20 minute duration

22
Q

What can ketamine be used for?

A

Pain
Sedation
Behavioral

23
Q

What is the onset and duration for Versed?

A

30-60 seconds onset

15-30 min duration

24
Q

What is the reversal agent for overdose on Versed and the dose?

A

Romazicon (flumazenil) 0.2 mg

May adversely affect BP

25
Q

What is the onset and duration of Propofol?

A

15-45 seconds onset

5-10 minutes duration

26
Q

What is Propofol good for?

A

Decreases CPP and MAP, use with caution on Head injury (Not good in hemodynamically unstable patients)

27
Q

What is the onset and duration of Succinylcholine?

A

< 1 minute onset

4-6 minute duration

28
Q

Is succs good for pre-hospital?

A

NO

29
Q

What can administration of sucs cause?

A

Malignant hyperthermia
Hyperkalemia
Causes Fasciculations (muscle twitching)

30
Q

Is succs non-depolarizing or Depolarizing?

A

Depolarizing

31
Q

What is onset and duration of Rocuronium?

A

< 2 minutes onset

30-60 minute duration

32
Q

Is Rocuronium depolarizing or non depolarizing?

A

Non- deplarizing

33
Q

What are the contraindications of succs?

A

Crush injuries, eye injuries history of malignant hyperthermia, burns> 24 hrs old, hyperkalemia, nervous system disorder

34
Q

What is the onset and duration of Vecuronium?

A

Onset 90-120 seconds

Duration 60-75 min

35
Q

What is vecuronium normally used for?

A

To keep patient paralyzed after Succs or Roc had been administered

36
Q

If you have a hemodynamic unstable patient, what is your dose of your medication?

A

1/2 the induction dose and double the paralytic dose

37
Q

What is the treatment for malignant hyperthermia? The Dose?

A

Dantrium (Dantrolene Sodium)

2.5 mg/kg rapid IV push

38
Q

What are signs and symptoms of malignant hyperthermia?

A
  • Lockjaw (masseter spasm/trismus)
  • Sustained tetanic muscle contraction
  • Rapid increase in temp
  • Increased ETCO2
  • Tachycardia/hypertension
  • Mixed acidosis
39
Q

What are the determination points for cric?

A

o Pt requires secured airway
o 3 unsuccessful ET attempts
o Unable to ventilate/oxygenate above 90%
o Difficult airway determined by HEAVEN or LEMON
CAN’T INTUBATE, CAN’T VENTILATE, CAN’T OXYGENATE=CRIC

40
Q

Should you give calcium channel blockers for a patient suspected of malignant hyperthermia?

A

No

41
Q

What is the cause of malignant hyperthermia?

A

Problem with Calcium being removed from the cells

42
Q

Which neuro blocking drugs do not require refrigeration?

A

Vecuronium and Rocuronium

43
Q

Which neuro blocking agent requires refrigeration?

A

Succinylcholine

44
Q

What is the reversal agent of Rocuronium? Dose?

A

Sugammadex (Bridion) 16 mg/kg

Flight Paramedic Certification Study set (17 decks)

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