Airway management Flashcards
what are the 3 technique to use when someone Is choking and how many reps
- Bent-Over Backblows (5 reps) 2. Abdominal thrusts (5 reps)
- Chest thrusts
what to do if you are a small rescuer or the victime is pregnant or obese
chest trust
step with unconscious choking adult/child
❑Call EMS/9-1-1 when unconscious (cell phone)
❑If with a child and alone, do 2 min. then call if no cell phone ❑Open mouth, visualize, remove object if seen
❑Open airway, attempt 2 breaths (reposition).
❑If 2 breaths don’t go in, 30 chest compressions
❑Visualize mouth, remove object if seen.
❑Repeat until successful / EMS arrive
❑If breath goes in, ensure 2 effective breaths are given, check
pulse/resp, correct as needed.
how to help a choking infant
Kneel down to floor and place baby (sandwich) on your thigh:
-Give 5 back blows then switch over to other thigh -Give 5 chest thrusts -hard and fast with 2 fingers
-fingers place 1 finger width below nipple ❑ Compress at least 1/3 depth of chest.
❑ Rate of compressions like CPR ❑ Continue until unconscious
definition of anaphylactixis
Allergic reaction in which the immune system reacts in a sudden and exaggerated way to contact with an allergic substance (antigen).
what do you do
If the first indication of an anaphylactic shock is difficulty breathing:
❑ CALL 911
❑ Epinephrine –autoinjector
❑ O2
❑ Oral antihistamines may help reduce some symptoms
epinephrine is administer when victim is breathing or non breathing
breathing
anti-histamine take about how long to take effect
10min
epinephrine can be given every _ min
15 min no <5min
life of epinephrine
5 min
can you give epipen to someone that hasn’t previous got a diagnostic or someone that the epipen is not them
yes
how do you know if someone have an allergic reaction if they are know to be allergic
Recent contact with causal agent <12 hrs ago AND
First sign of allergic reaction -difficulty breathing -weakness
-fainting
-itchiness
-urticaria
how do you know if someone have an allergic reaction if they are not know to be allergic
Recent contact with causal agent <12hrs ago
AND
❑ Respiratory distress or
❑ Circulatory failure or
❑ Visible edema of the tongue*
what are the reverse effect of anaphylactic reaction
❑ dilates bronchioles
❑ increases blood pressure
❑ increases pulse , may cause palpitations
❑ anxiety, trembling, nausea, vomiting
❑ effects are of short duration
how long should someone should be observed at the hospital after a reaction and why
4h to prevent biphasic reaction
what to do if you accidentally ejected epinephrine to you or someone with a used needle
Squeeze injection site to force bleed
❑ Clean with soap + water, or disinfectant
what to do if you accidentally ejected epinephrine to you or someone with a sterile needle
Hot compresses
❑ Downward position
❑ Immediately go to hospital ER
which technique would you use to open the airway for an athlete with an helmet
trauma chin lift
4 advantages of breathing device
- maintain an open airway
- perform rescue breathing
- limit the potentiel for disease transmission
- increase blood 02 concentration
where should the flange of OPA should rest
rest on lower lip
indication for NPA use
Semi-conscious, varies: semi to unconscious, trismus (jaw spasm)
how do you suction vomit
on way out, limit suctioning air from lung and suction only as far as you can visualize
which O2 delivery method is very similar to resucitation mask but more rigid
BVM
T/F BVM Can be used for a breathing or non-breathing athlete
T
which method deliver the greatest O2 concentration
BVM
%O2 of bvm if connected to tank and reservoir bag
90%+ if oxygen tank and reservoir bag are connected
O2% if non connected to tani
21%
O2% if oxygen tank connected without reservoir bag
44-64%
T/F.Can be used alone or with an oxygen supply attached
T
When using BVM with non-breathing athlete, you (have/ do not) need to wait until the reservoir bag is filled and why
When using BVM with non-breathing athlete, you do NOT need to wait until the reservoir bag is filled because the minimum amount of oxygen being delivered is already 44% and it will continue to increase as the reservoir bag is filling
Ideally should not be used with _ mask which is non rigid
pocket mask
what do you need to take in consideration if you use BVM when desaling with anaphylaxis or asthmatic patient
The valve on the BVM should be closed when dealing with anaphylaxis or
asthmatic patients because then air won’t be allowed out of the valve and it
forces more air in for a closing airway
BVM is also known as
AMBU
Do not over inflate lungs, adult BVM can push _, normal adult takes around
600ml
1.5L
procedure with BVM if using oxigen only
Select good size BVM and mask
o The bag-valve is then attached to rigid mask.
o The O2 tubing is connected to BVM (distal end). o Connect O2 reservoir bag to the BVM
o Place the BVM on athletes’ face
o Cover the mouth and nose of the athlete o Create a tight seal (nose to mouth)
o Open airway (TJT)
o Ventilate 1 second duration
vent rate For NON-BREATHING athletes or BREATHING athletes
<10 or >30
BVM.2-person CPR, Non-intubated athlete
After 30 compressions, AT #2 squeezes the BVM for two breaths
BVM 2-person AR, Non-intubated athlete
AT #2 squeezes the BVM once every 6 seconds
BVM 3-person CPR, Intubated athlete
If athlete has an advanced airway in place (intubated by physician or paramedic),
the rate of ventilations changes to 1 breath every 6 seconds (10/min)à
Continuous compressions throughout
is it neccesary to stop compression to give ventilation during 3-person CPR intubated athlete
no
Witnessed Cardiac Arrest
high performance
traditionnal
hybrid
- High Performance (witnessed adult, cardiac origin) - Continuous compression 200/200/200, passive O2/OPA first 6 minutes*
- Traditional 30:2
- Hybrid Continuous Compressions first 1-2 minutes until set-up/airway access
with sports equipment
what is more effective than standard 30:2 approach when a high performance BLS is present for a withness adult cardiac arrest and applicable for how long
ontinuous compressions (200 per compressor) with OPA and high flow NRB
his is applicable only in witnessed adult cases for the first 6 minutes.
indicator of critical athlete- airway
- Obstructive sounds such as stridor, snoring, or gurgling - Compromised airway
indicator of critical athlete- breathing
- Inadequate rate and quality of breathing - Absence of breathing - Difficulty breathing - Accessory muscle use
indicator of critical athlete- circulation
- Uncontrolled bleeding - Weak, absent, or irregular pulse - Signs of cyanosis - Cool, clammy skin (shock)
indicator of critical athlete- disability
- GCS ≤ 13 - Confusion, disorientation - Changing level of consciousness
difference with inhalation and ventilation
INHALATION = athlete is breathing, but needs supplemental O2 either with: - 100% non-rebreather mask (NRB)
- Nasal cannula
- BVM (hyper/hypoventilation)
VENTILATION = athlete is NOT breathing and must be given breaths with: - BVM
- Pocket mask
- NRB in high performance CPR situations only for first 6 minutes
when can we use nasal canula
breathing, conscious and unsconscious athlete
when can we use pocket masck
non breathing and unscounscious athlete
Amount % of oxygen delivered by nasal canula+ O2
25-36% (1-4L/min)
Amount % of oxygen delivered by pocket mask alone
16% (rescuers expired oxygen)
Amount % of oxygen delivered by pocket mask + O2
40-60% (10-25L/min)
Amount % of oxygen delivered by BVM alone
21% (atmospheric oxygen)
Amount % of oxygen delivered by BVM with reservoir + O2
90% (15 L/min)
Amount % of oxygen delivered by non-rebreatger mask + O2
90+
You should have at least _ psi in the tank on standby
800
Change oxygen cylinder at _psi (keep as spare)
500
Keep at least psi in the tank
200
