Aircraft Performance Flashcards
What does Basic Empty Weight include?
Weight of aircraft, oils, and unusable fuel + optional equipment.
((Standard empty weight is weight of of aircraft, unusable fuel, full fluids and full engine oil)
What is useful load?
Total load of passengers, cargo, and useable fuel.
(Ramp weight - Basic empty weight= useful load)
What is the payload?
Passengers and cargo, I.e. what is “paying” for the flight.
(Useful load minus usable fuel)
What is maximum ramp weight (I.e. taxi weight)?
max allowable weight for ground operations… includes fuel for taxi, run-up, and startup.
What is the difference between utility and normal category?
Utility category (4.4 Gs) airplane is somewhat stronger than a normal category (3.8 Gs) airplane. Utility airplane are certified to higher load factors.
Some utility category airplanes can spin and perform acrobatics.
Why do we put it in the Utility category to intentionally spin?
CG is forward so you can recover from the spin
Is the aircraft more stable or less stable when loading too aft?
Less stable, CG is closer to the center of lift, the closer they become the less downward pressure required by the tail so the less stable
What is density altitude?
Pressure altitude corrected for temp, it is where the plane thinks it is and subsequent performance
Higher equals worse performance
What is the maximum demonstrated crosswind?
One of those requirements is a demonstration of crosswind controllability, and more specifically, how the aerodynamics of the airplane allows pilots “with no exceptional skill or alertness” to safely take off and land in crosswind conditions.
You can land over max crosswind, but it wouldn’t be advisable.
Finally, every airplane certificated after May 3rd, 1962 is required to have a “demonstrated crosswind velocity” placard inside the airplane.
30deg off then 50% wind speed
45deg off then 75% wind speed
60deg off then 100% wind speed
What is a runway incursion?
Any occurrence at an aerodrome involving the incorrect prescience of an aircraft, vehicle or person on the protected area of a surface designated for the landing and takeoff of aircraft
Cat A- serious incident in which a collision was narrowly avoided
Cat B- incident in which separation decreases and there is a significant potential for collision
Cat C- incident characterized by ample time and/or distance to avoid a collision
Cat D- incident that meets the definition of runway incursion such as incorrect presence of single vehicle/ person/ aircraft on the protected area of a surface designed for the landing and takeoff of aircraft
What is a Hotspot?
W/in movement area with a history or potential risk of collision or runway incursion, and where heightened attention by pilots and drivers is necessary
