AIM Chapter 7 Safety of Flight Flashcards
Prevailing visibility
greatest visibility equaled or exceeded throughout at least one half of the horizon circle
7-1-17(b)
Flight through volcanic ash can result in
Smoke or dust in cockpit
Acrid odor similar to electrical smoke
Multiple engine malfunctions- including increasing EGT
St. Elmo’s fire, bright orange glow in engine inlets
Fire warning in forward cargo area
Unreliable airspeed indications
7-5-9(d)
When will the tower make visibility reports?
When prevailing visibility is below 4sm
7-1-17(c)
Light rain
From scattered drops that do not completely wet an exposed surface up to a condition where individual drops are easily seen
7-1-18(a)(1)
Moderate Rain
Individual drops are not clearly identifiable
Spray is observable just above the surface
7-1-18(a)(2)
Heavy Rain
Falls in sheets
Individual drops are not easily identifiable
Heavy spray to height of several inches
7-1-18(a)(3)
Light ice pellets
Scattered pellets that do not completely cover an exposed surface
Visibility is not affected
7-1-18(b)(1)
Moderate ice pellets
Slow accumulation on ground
Visibility reduced to less than 7sm
7-1-18(b)(2)
Heavy ice pellets
Rapid accumulation on ground
Visibility reduced to less than 3sm
7-1-18(b)(3)
Light snow
Visibility greater than 1/2sm
7-1-19(a)
Moderate snow
Visibility between 1/2-1/4sm
Heavy snow
Visibility less than 1/4sm
Trace airframe icing
Ice becomes perceptible
Accumulation is slightly greater than sublimation
7-1-21(b)(1)
Light airframe icing
Rate of accumulation may create a problem if flight is prolonged in this environment for over 1 hour
7-1-21(b)(2)
Moderate airframe icing
Rate of accumulation is such that even short encounters become potentially hazardous and use of deicing/anti-icing equipment is necessary
7-1-21(b)(3)
Severe airframe icing
Accumulation is such that deicing/anti-icing equipment fails to reduce or control the hazard
7-1-21(b)(4)
Intercycle ice
Ice that builds up between activation of the deicing system
7-1-22
Residual ice
Ice which remains immediately after activation of the deicing system
7-1-22
What is the aircraft reaction in light turbulence?
Turbulence that momentarily causes slight, erratic changes in altitude or attitude
Table 7-1-9
Light chop
Turbulence that causes slight, rapid and somewhat rhythmic bumpiness without appreciable changes in altitude or attitude
Table 7-1-9
Reaction inside aircraft to light turbulence
Occupants feel a slight strain against seat belts.
Unsecured objects may be displaced slightly.
Food service can continue
No difficulty in walking
Table 7-1-9
Aircraft reaction to moderate turbulence
Similar to light but of greater intensity
Changes in altitude and attitude occur but aircraft remains in positive control
Causes variations in indicated airspeed
Table 7-1-9
Moderate chop
Rapid bumps or jolts without appreciable changes in altitude or attitude
Table 7-1-9
Reaction inside aircraft to moderate turbulence
Occupants feel definite strain agains seatbelts
Unsecured objects are dislodged
Food service and walking are difficult
Table 7-1-9
Aircraft reaction to severe turbulence
Turbulence that causes large abrupt changes in altitude or attitude
Large variation in indicated airspeed
Aircraft may be momentarily out of control
Table 7-1-9
Reaction for passengers in severe turbulence
Occupants are forced violently against seat belts
Unsecured objects are tossed about
Food service and walking are impossible
Table 7-1-9
Aircraft reaction in extreme turbulence
Aircraft is violently tossed about and impossible to control
May cause structural damage
Table 7-1-9
Occasional turbulence
Less than 1/3 of the time
Table 7-1-9
Intermittent turbulence
1/3-2/3 of the time
Table 7-1-9
Continuous turbulence
More than 2/3 of the time
How far from the center of a wake turbulence vortex should a pilot avoid?
100’ from the core
7-3-2
Wake turbulence vortices descend at what rate?
Several hundred feet per minute
7-3-4
When close to the ground wake turbulence vortices move how fast over the ground
2 or 3 knots
7-3-4(a)(3)
How should a pilot approach a mountain wave?
Approach at 45 degree angle
Add 1,000’ or so of altitude
7-5-6(j)
How much wind is required to form a mountain wave?
15kts or more at an intersection angle of not less than 30 degrees
7-5-6(j)(1)
When will “Check Density Altitude” be broadcast?
At airports with control tower at or above 2000’msl when the temp reaches a predetermined level
7-5-6(I)(1)
