Agriculture Part Two Flashcards
highly mechanized, large-scale farming, usually under corporate ownership.
Agribusiness
the increased mechanization of the farming process to increase productivity and profits
Agricultural industrialization
different land users are prepared to pay different amounts, the bid rents, for locations at various distances from the city center.
Bid Rent Theory
means any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use.
Biotechnology
patterns of settlement and land use that delineates property lines
Cadastral system
separates the seed from the shaft of the plant, eliminating the need to do so manually
Combine
the removal of what nature originally produced in a particular location to grow what is desired
Creative destruction
a class of agricultural, or more properly, an animal husbandry enterprise, raising female cattle, goats, or certain other lactating livestock for long-term production of milk, which may be either processed onsite or transported to a dairy for processing and eventual retail sale.
Dairy farming
farmers are too productive, causing supply to exceed demand for many products, meaning lower prices and less revenue for farmers.
Farm crisis
a factory like farm devoted to either livestock fattening or dairying; all feed is imported and no crops are grown on the farm
Feedlot
the process of going from the crop in the field to the individual customer who buys it - in between this includes transportation systems, food processors, wholesalers, and grocery stores
Food chain
crops that carry new traits that have been inserted through advanced genetic engineering methods
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO’s)
the mass planting and harvesting of grain crops such as wheat, barley, and mille
Grain farming
the science and art of growing fruits, vegetables, flowers, or ornamental plants
Horticulture
the deliberate adding of weight to animals, such as cows and hogs, to increase their sale price.
Livestock fattening
a commercial type of agriculture that produces fattened cattle and hogs for meat.
Livestock ranching
people who consume products grown or raised close to them
Locavores
distinct regional approach to land surveying found in Atlantic Canada, Quebec, Louisiana, and Texas whereby land is divided into narrow parcels stretching back from rivers, roads, and canals.
Long lots
the relatively small-scale production of fruits, vegetables and flowers as cash crops, frequently sold directly to consumers and restaurants. It is distinguishable from other types of farming by the diversity of crops grown on a small area of land, typically, from under one acre to a few acres, or sometimes in greenhouses.
Market gardening
must be practiced in a climate that has a dry summer and a cool, moist winter - crops include grapes, dates, and olives
Mediterranean agriculture
a system of land surveying east of the Appalachian Mountains. It is a system that relies on descriptions of land ownership and natural features such as streams or trees. Because of the imprecise nature of this surveying, the U.S. Land Office Survey abandoned the technique in favor of the rectangular survey system.
Metes and bounds
The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied
Milkshed
approach to farming and ranching that avoids the use of herbicides, pesticides, growth hormones, and other similar synthetic inputs
Organic farming
system where the eldest son in a family, or in exceptional cases, a daughter inherits all of the parent’s land
Primogeniture
farms on which no one resides permanently - planting and harvesting is done by hired migratory crews.
Suitcase farm
a rectangular land division scheme designed by Thomas Jefferson to disperse settlers evenly across farmlands of the U.S. interior, also called rectangular survey system.
Township-and-range
commercial gardening and fruit farming, so named because the word was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities.
Truck farm
deals with both the location and allocation process of land uses by farmers, and the spatial organization of agricultural land uses - emphasized distance from farm to market as well as transport costs, yield, market prices, and production costs as rent determinants.
Von Thunen’s Model (Agriculture location model)
