ageing and the older adult Flashcards
what are key changes in the body that manifest with ageing
- a decrease in mitosis (cell division) so cells that are normally replaced on a daily basis decrease
- decrease in the functionality of cells
- increase in tissue degeneration (loss of functional ability)
- increase in ischemia (blood flow) to tissues
- increase in inflammatory and oxidative chemicals
changes in the body result in loss of cells which looks like;
- decreased muscle mass
- decreased motility (movement)
- decrease in nephrons
- decreased neurons
- decreased skin cells
- decreased alveolar cells
- decreased bone cells
what does decreased cell function look like
- decreased secretion of hormones, enzymes etc
- decreased absorption
- decreased reabsorption
- decreased protection
what happens to the thoracic cavity with ageing
- decrease in muscle mass which affects the muscles around the rib cage that help move the rib cage which means decreased contraction
- decreased compliance
- increased diaphragm fatigue
what happens to the lungs with ageing
- tissue degeneration
- loss of elasticity
- loss of alveoli
- loss of the pulmonary capillaries
- dilation of bronchial tree
Changes in the thoracic cavity and lungs change the lung capacities which decrease the compliance of the lungs and decrease alveolar surface area which means decreased lung volume which leads to decreased gas exchange which leads to decreased oxygen and increased carbon dioxide
what happens when there is changes in the thoracic cavity and lungs (respiratory system)
decreased lung capacities- decrease of lung compliance- decrease of alveolar surface area- decreased lung volume- decreased gas exchange- decreased oxygen and increased carbon dioxide
what are changes in the GI system with ageing
- decreased tooth enamel
- decrease in saliva production
- decrease in mucosa
- decreased smooth muscle mass
- decrease liver size
- decrease pancreas secretion
what does decrease in the mucosa cause
- decreased immune protection
- decreased mucus secretion and enzyme secretion so decrease nutrient breakdown
what does decrease in saliva production cause
- decreased nutrient breakdown
- decreased immune protection
- less moist bolus
what does decreased smooth muscle cause
- decreased motility
- decreased swallowing, churning, grinding, segmentation and peristalsis
what does decreased liver size cause
- decreased protein synthesis
- decreased lipid metabolism
what does decreased pancreas secretion cause
- decreased enzymes for digestion
- decreased nutrient breakdown
