Aftermath of fall of Tsar

Question 1

What was Order No1?

Answer 1

A charter of soldier rights

Question 2

When was Order No1 produced?

Answer 2

1st March

Question 3

What did Order No1 promise?

Answer 3

All units to elect a deputy to the Soviet and agree political control of Petro Soviet
All weapons to be controlled by elected soldier committees
All soldiers to enjoy full citizen rights when off duty
No honours title to be used for officers

Question 4

How many members by March 10th did PS?

Answer 4

3000

Question 5

Outcome of PS being too large?

Answer 5

Executive committee which was dominated by socialist intellectuals including Kerensky did most of the work

Question 6

Events regarding the downfall of the Tsar?

Answer 6

Initial proposal- abdicate in favour of his son, brother would be regent
Disobedience- Appoints brother as Tsar, without his consent = he refused offer
2nd March- Tsar and his family and also Tsar ministers would placed under house arrest-304 years of dynasty finished

Question 7

Who headed PG?

Answer 7

Prince Lvov- wealthy arisotcrat- zemstvo leader

Question 8

Members of PG?

Answer 8

Moderate socialists, Kadets and liberals- those who had formerly favoured monarchy

Question 9

Original intention of PG?

Answer 9

Would be temporary and would hold elections for new Constituent Assembly as soon as possible that would create a new constitution for Russia

Question 10

Status of PG?

Answer 10

Was considered legitimate thanks to Mikhail by the old tsarist civil service, army officers and the police

Question 11

What was Zemstva?

Answer 11

Elected councils responsible for the local administration of provincial districts

Question 12

How did workers/soldiers/peasants regard the PG?

Answer 12

A self appointed committee of the wealthy tainted with previous associations with the Tsar- PS= democratic

Question 13

Members of PS?

Answer 13

Radical socialist intellectuals, Mensheviks and SRs but also a small number of Bolsheviks

Question 14

How many original members were workers?

Answer 14

7/42

Question 15

Agreement to how Russia would be ruled?

Answer 15

The PS seemed to lack confidence to assume sole authority therefore under delicate negotiations of Kerensky it was agreed they would work together- Dual Authority

Question 16

PG promises made to PS?

Answer 16

A general amnesty for political prisoners
Civil liberties
The abolition of legal disabilities based on class, religion and nationality
Freedom to organise trade unions and to strike
Election for Constituent Assembly

Question 17

In April what did the PG further state?

Answer 17

The power of state should be based not on violence but on the consent free citizens

Question 18

What did new government significantly abolish?

Answer 18

The death penalty at the front

Question 19

Nature of Order No1?

Answer 19

Soldiers and workers would obey PG but only when PS agreed with PG decisions

Question 20

Example of conflict between Soviet and PG?

Answer 20

When PG tried to discipline army deserters and restore order in the towns and countryside, the soviet encouraged peasants and workers to defy authority and assert their rights

Question 21

Differing opinions on war?

Answer 21

PG believed there should be an all out effort to win the war while PS believed that withdrawing from war would be best without annexation from the Germans as the price of peace

Question 22

Failure of PG regarding war?

Answer 22

Announced that the government would continue fighting until a ‘just peace’ had been won unleashing a storm of protest forcing Milyukov- foreign minister- and Guchkov - minister of war- were forced to resign because of pressure initiated by the PS- replaced by socialists from the Soviet

Question 23

Why would ending the war be difficult for PG?

Answer 23

Felt bound to their alliance with B+F and relied on French loans for survival- withdrawal may jeopardise Russia’s position

Question 24

Why did the PG not go ahead with the elections for assembly?

Answer 24

It was clear that SR’s would win support of peasants

Bolsheviks would win workers vote

Question 25

Why was there complete paralysis in the leadership struggle?

Answer 25

PG- assembly vote problems

PS- main task in their eyes = protect workers and peasants as the ‘bourgeois revolution’ as foregounded by Marx