NEP Flashcards
What was Gosplan?
The state general planning commission established by the Sovnarkom to help co-ordinate economic plans and advise on the NEP
When was NEP announced?
10th Party Congress
Who supported NEP?
Bukharin and Zinoviev and most of the party leadership
Why was the NEP controversial?
It may have been considered a betrayal of socialism and therefore Lenin did not hold a vote to decide on the policy due to fear of rejection
What measures did the NEP relax?
Requisition of grain ended- peasants gave a quota to state (a tax) and any grain left over they could sell
No forced collectivisation of land as this would encourage production
State control large industry
Private hands control small
Private trade allowed
Rationing ended
Impact of NEP?
Economy moving
Shops and restaurants began to thrive
Small businesses reopened quickly
Money flowed more quickly
Impact of NEP on agriculture?
Production increased as peasants were keen to take advantage of selling surplus grain
Kulaks re-emerged
Villages who co-operated with NEP were rewarded with goods
What was the scissor crisis?
Food prices had fallen below the prices of industrial goods as too much food was being produced. This meant there was a lack of goods for peasants to buy meaning they began to with-hold grain again
How did the government deal with the scissor crisis?
Capped industrial goods prices and replaced peasant quotas with money taxes
What was NEPmen?
Traders who made a profit on peasant production by taking it to city markets and then taking industrial goods to peasant markets and making a profit on them
How many NEPmen were there in Moscow 1925?
25,000
Why did Bolsheviks not like NEPmen?
They flaunted their wealth openly and were often involved in gambling and prostitution- representatives of capitalism
How did Lenin describe the NEP politically?
“One step backwards, two steps forwards”
How did Zinoviev describe the NEP?
“A temporary deviation, a tactical retreat”
During the NEP what happened to other political parties?
SR and Mensheviks were banned and several thousands Mensheviks were arrested and 11 SR members were executed. Idea of democratic centralism
