Advanced Clinical Nutrition 1 Flashcards
Why is nutrition important?
3 answers
- good for patient management
- reduces morbity and mortality rates
- reduces length of hospitalisation and complications
What are the indicators for malnutrition?
- loss of muscle condition
- over 5-10% unexplained weightloss
- poor coat condition
- reduced appetite for more than 2-3 days
- large protein losses
- burns
- head trauma
What is simple starvation?
- normal metabolic adaptations
- conservation of protein
- fat usage increased
What is stress starvation?
- hypermatabolism
- breakdown of protein/muscle wastage
- less time to state of malnutrition
- likely unwell
What is cachexia?
muscle loss in presence of disease
What are we assessing first for malnutrition?
hydration, elctrolytes, acid-base balance, pain
What are the short term aims for nutrition?
- provide ongoing nutritional requirements
- prevent or correct nutritional deficiencies or imbalances
- minimise metabolic derangements
- prevent further catabolism of lean body mass
What are the long term nutritional aims?
- Restoration of optimal body condition
- provision of required nutrients within the animals own environment
What is enteral feeding?
tube feeding
What are the 4 types of feeding tubes?
- naso-oesophgeal/gastric
- oesophagostomy
- gastrstomy
- jujunostomy
Which of the 4 types of feeding tubes are short erm?
naso-oesophageal
How can you determine which feeding tube to use?
- patient - tolerance, risk of GA, duration
- technical - clinician experience, complications, diet
- owner - cost, compliance
What is classed as short term?
5-7 days
Which feeding tube doesn’t require GA?
naso-oesophageal
What is re-feeding syndrome?
metabolic derangements occuring when enteral or parenteral nutrition is fed to extremely malnourished patients, or occuring after prolonged starvation
