Adult Learning Flashcards
Adult learning theory says that adult learners are:
- independent and self-directed
- have experience that can help them learn
- appreciate learning that incorporates their daily life
- interested in immediate problem-centered approaches
- internally motivated
Impact on teaching: adults are independent and self-directed
Should engage in
- inquiry
- decision making
- analysis
Impact on teaching: adults have experience that helps them learn
Plan active participation such as
- discussions
- active problem solving exercises
Impact on teaching: adults appreciate learning that incorporates their daily life
Relate activities to their daily life
Impact on teaching: adults are interested in immediate problem-centered approaches
Life or work related situations more appropriate than theoretical ones
What are the 3 categories of reasons adults learn?
- goal oriented
- activity oriented
- learning oriented
Goal oriented learners are especially likely to seek learning when?
Life transition
Goal oriented learning
- to reach a specific objective
- learning is a means to an end
Goal oriented learners and education
Engaged in education to accomplish clear and identifiable objectives
I.e. Continuing education
When are activity oriented learners likely to seek learning?
Life transitions
Activity oriented learner characteristics
- learn to meet social needs
- learning is a means to an end
these learners select educational activities to accomplish social needs (support groups, SIG, self-help, academic interest)
Learning-oriented learners
- have an intrinsic need for more knowledge
- perpetual students
Will join groups, classes, or organizations with the anticipation that the experience will be education and personally rewarding
What are the critical elements in adult teaching and learning?
- Connect new learning to prior knowledge
- Establish rapport, express sincere concern
- Set appropriate level of difficulty
- Facilitate but let learner direct process and be responsible for goals
- Define clear goals in conjunction with learner and show how activities will help them get there
Appropriate level of difficulty =
Challenging but not frustrating
What are the sources of motivation for adult learners?
- Social relationships
- External expectations
- Social welfare
- Personal advancement
- Escape or stimulation
- Cognitive interest
Sources of motivation: social relationships
therapist could be part of a relationship with learner
Sources of motivation: external expectations
- use professional expertise to direct activities and learning
- be the authority
Sources of motivation: social welfare
learners often motivated to return to work or hobbies
Sources of motivation: personal advancement
desire to reach higher status
Sources of motivation: escape or stimulation
- may find exercise stimulating
- may also desire to leave hospital
Sources of motivation: cognitive interest
wanting to understand reason things are done
Feedback must be ______ and is ______
- specific
- motivational
Retention is directly related to
Amount of practice when first learned
The more you have someone apply and use the info, the better they will remember it
Retention emphasizes
Application
This type of practice is best for retention
Distributed
- Shorter sessions extended over a longer period of time
- Varying the way you teach it or how they apply it
What is transference?
Using learned task in a new situation
