ADME deel 2 Flashcards
What are 3 types of passive transport?
simple diffusion
facilitated diffusion
osmotic transport
Wat is facilitated diffusion?
-costs no energy
-never against a concentration gradient
- selective or specific
-transport proteins
Wat are organophosphates?
chemicals that poison organisms. They block acetylcholinestrase. Acetylcholinesterase controls nerve signals
What does Tetrodotoxin do? (pufferfish)
blocks sodium channels
What is active transport?
transport that costs energy –> ATP
- against concentration gradient
What are two types of active transport?
primary
- hydrolisis of ATP for energy
secondary
-uses energy from ionconcentration gradient/electrical gradient/stress
What are 3 types of special active transport?
phagocytosis:
-large particles, macrophages
pinocytosis:
-small, liquid
-not specific
receptor mediated endocytosis
-specific
What does absorption rate depend on?
-concentration
-surface skin
-properties barriers
-strength blood circulation
-properties of substance
What is EXTERNAL exposure?
Exposure to an external dose of contaminant in a matrix
What is de formula for INTERNAL exposure?
F =Fb x Fa x Fh
Fb = fraction of external dose released from matrix
Fa = fraction of Fb transported across intestinal epithelium
Fh= fra
What is de formula for internal exposure?
F =Fb x Fa x Fh
Fb = fraction of external dose released from matrix
Fa = fraction of Fb transported across intestinal epithelium
Fh= fraction of Fa passing the liver without being metabolised
F=fraction of external dose reaching systemic circulation
Hoe werkt absorptie via longen?
Door longblaasjes (ALVEOLI)
lipofiele moleculen worden snel geabsorbeerd
hydrofiele moleculen lossen o in slijmlagen en blijven daar lang
How can you absorpe via skin?
-horny layer
-passive transport
-sweat glands/hair follicle
What factorst influence absorption via skin?
thickness skin
injuries
blood flow
hydration
What is first-pass elimination?
Metabolism in the liver before the substance reaches the systemic circulation
