ADHD_flashcards (1)
What is ADHD?
ADHD is a group of behaviour symptoms that include inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
What are the diagnostic criteria for ADHD?
Pervasive (school and home), Duration >6 months, Onset <7 years, Significant distress of social impairment.
What are the key symptoms of hyperactivity in ADHD?
Can he wait turns? Can he sit at the dinner table?
What are the key symptoms of impulsivity in ADHD?
Does he get into trouble at school? How is he when you go out shopping with him? Does he run onto roads?
What are the key symptoms of inattention in ADHD?
Is he easily distracted? Can he concentrate on homework? Can he complete tasks?
What are the possible etiologies of ADHD?
Genes: FHx, Environment: Social deprivation and neglect in childhood, Neurodevelopmental abnormalities, Mother drinking alcohol, taking drugs during pregnancy, Obstetric complications, LBW of child.
What are the differential diagnoses for ADHD?
ADHD, Conduct disorder, ASD, Oppositional defiant disorder, Psychological stress, Learning difficulty e.g. dyslexia.
What are the recommended investigations for ADHD?
Collateral hx from school, Review red book, Full physical examination, Conner’s Questionnaire for parents and teachers, FBC, School observation, MRI head if organic pathology is suspected.
What is the recommended management approach for ADHD?
Counselling, REFER TO CAMHS, MDT approach (GP/Paeds/Social worker/educational therapist), Psychosocial interventions, Biological interventions (stimulants, non-stimulants, drug holidays).
What is the prognosis for ADHD?
Educational underachievement, low self-esteem, peer rejection, harsh treatment. Risk factors for drug abuse, Conduct Disorder (CD), and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Half will improve.
What does ASD stand for and how is it related to ADHD?
ASD stands for Autism Spectrum Disorder. It involves routine/ritualistic behaviour, communication difficulties, and issues with reciprocal social interactions. It can co-occur with ADHD.
