Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year Three - Reproductive System > Adenomyosis > Flashcards

Adenomyosis Flashcards

1
Q

What is adenomyosis?

A

It refers to the presence of endometrial tissue within the myometrium of the uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What three hormones are adenomyosis sensitive to?

A

Oestrogen

Progesterone

Androgens - including testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is adenomyosis is a subtype of?

A

Endometriosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the underlying cause of adenomyosis?

A

It is thought to occur when the endometrial stroma communicates with the underlying myometrium after uterine damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the four risk factors of adenomyosis?

A

Perimenopause

Multiparity

Uterine Surgery

C-Section

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the four clinical features of adenomyosis?

A

Heavy Menstrual Bleeding

Dysmenorrhoea

Deep Dyspareunia

Subfertility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the four investigations used to diagnose adenomyosis?

A

Pelvic Examination

Ultrasound Scan

MRI Scan

Hysterectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the two pelvic exam features of adenomyosis?

A

A symmetrically enlarged, boggy uterus

A tender uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What uterus feels softer - fibroid or adenomyosis?

A

Adenomyosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the first line investigation for adenomyosis?

A

US scan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the five clinical features of adenomyosis on an US?

A

Globular uterine configuration

Poor definition of the endometrial-myometrial interface

Myometrial anterior-posterior asymmetry

Intramyometrial cysts

Heterogeneous myometrial echo texture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When is an MRI scan used to diagnose adenomyosis?

A

It can be used as an alternative investigation when transvaginal ultrasound is not suitable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the sign of adenomyosis on MRI scan?

A

An irregular thickening of the endo-myometrial junctional zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What investigation is used to achieve a definitive diagnosis of adenomyosis?

A

Hysterectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the three pharmacological treatments for adenomyosis?

A

NSAIDs

Contraceptive Management

GnRH Analogues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How are NSAIDs used to treat adenomyosis?

A

Symptomatic pain relief

17
Q

What is the first line treatment option used to treat adenomyosis?

A

NSAIDs

18
Q

What are the four contraceptive managements used to treat adenomyosis?

A

Combined oral contraceptive pill

Progesterone-only pill

Intrauterine devices

Progesterone-only injection

19
Q

How are contraceptives used to treat adenomyosis?

A

They are used to suppress ovulation and reduce endometrial thickening, causing atrophy of the adenomyosis lesions and a reduction in symptoms

20
Q

When are contraceptives used to treat adenomyosis?

A

This management option can be trialled before a definitive diagnosis is established with laparoscopy

21
Q

What two contraceptives are seen to temporarily induce the regression of adenomyosis?

A

Combined oral contraception

High dose progesterone-only injections

22
Q

How are GnRH analogues used to treat adenomyosis?

A

They induce a menopause-like state in which ovulation is supressed and oestrogen levels are reduced

They therefore cause atrophy of the adenomyosis lesions and a reduction in symptoms

23
Q

What are the two common GnRH analogues used to treat adenomyosis?

A

Zoladex

Prostap

24
Q

What are the three surgical treatments used for adenomyosis?

A

Laparoscopy

Uterine Artery Embolisation

Hysterectomy

25
Q

How is laparoscopy used to treat adenomyosis?

A

It can be used to excise or ablate the adenomyosis tissue to completely remove the ectopic endometrial tissue and adhesions

26
Q

What is the disadvantage of laparoscopy treatment for adenomyosis?

A

This treatment option will definitely result in relapses and therefore surgery may have to be repeated

27
Q

What is uterine artery embolisation? How is it used to treat adenomyosis?

A

It involves the insertion of a catheter into an artery, usually the femoral artery

This catheter is passed through to the uterine artery under x-ray guidance

Once in the correct place, particles are injected that cause a blockage in the arterial supply to the adenomyosis lesions

This starves the lesions from oxygen and causes it to shrink

28
Q

When is uterine artery embolisation used to treat adenomyosis?

A

This is used as an alternative treatment option in the short term for women who wish to avoid hysterectomy or preserve their fertility

29
Q

What is hysterectomy?

A

It involves removal of the uterus

30
Q

What is the definitive treatment option for adenomyosis?

A

Hysterectomy

Year Three - Reproductive System (52 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions