Additional drugs used in cancer treatment

Question 1

Allopurinol

Answer 1

MOA: xanthine oxidase inhibitor, reduces uric acid levels during tumor cell breakdown
Uses: Often used when treating leukemias and lymphomas

Question 2

Aprepitant

Answer 2

MOA: Neurokinin 1 receptor antagonists that help control emesis

Question 3

Dexrazoxane

Answer 3

MOA: iron chelating agent that can nhelp prevent doxorubicin induced cardiac toxicity
Uses: antidote to cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin

Question 4

Filgrastim

Answer 4

MOA: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor analog, stimulates neutrophil production
Uses: treats neutropenia secondary to chemotherapcy or bone marrow transplantation
SAE: bone pain

Question 5

Leucovorin

Answer 5

MOA: a tetrahydrofolate analog that can rescue cells from methotrexate toxicity, also binds with FdUMP to covalently inhibit thymidilate synthetase
Uses: with high dose methotrexate therapy

Question 6

Mesna

Answer 6

MOA: 2-mercatoethanesulfonate that inactivates toxic metabolites like acrolein in the urine
Uses: antidote to prevent bladder cystitis from cyclophosphamide

Question 7

Odansetron

Answer 7

MOA: serotonin T-HT3 receptor inhibitor used to treat nausea and vomiting

Question 8

Prednisone

Answer 8

MOA: direct suppression of lymphomas and leukemias, also inhibits leukotriene and prostaglandin synthesis, inhibits leukocyte function and traffic control to produce strong anti-inflammatory effects
Uses: often used in leukemia/lymphoma regimens
SAE: many toxicities if used chronically (hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, fat redistribution)