adaptation to increase rates of diffusion

Question 1

how does having a large surface area increase rate of diffusion?

Answer 1

particles can move through at a faster rate

Question 2

how does having a thin membrane increase rate of diffusion?

Answer 2

provides short diffusion pathway

Question 3

how does having an efficient blood supply/ being ventilated increase rate of diffusion?

Answer 3

creates steep conc gradient
diffusion occurs faster

Question 4

what is the function of the lungs and how are they adapted for it?

Answer 4

transfer oxygen to blood and remove co2 from it
lungs contain alveoli
thin cell walls
large surface area

Question 5

how is the small intestine adapted for its function?

Answer 5

cells have projections called villi
villi increase surface area
villi have a single layer of surface cell which provides short diffusion pathway

Question 6

what is the function of the plant and how is it adapted for it?

Answer 6

allow co2 in and oxygen out
flattened shape increases surface area

Question 7

how are the gills specialised for their function?

Answer 7

covered in lamellae to increase surface area
water and blood flow in opposite directions which causes a steep conc gradient