Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 4 Child Health > Acutely ill child > Flashcards

Acutely ill child Flashcards

1
Q

children have a higher/lower HR and higher/lower BP than adults

A

higher HR

lower BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

respiratory causes of an acutely ill child

A

bronchiolitis
croup
pneumonia
asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

features of bronchiolitis

A

viral - respiratory syncytial virus
supportive management
may become apnoeic and require CPAP
grunting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

features of croup

A

laryngotracheobronchitis
viral
stridor
barking cough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

treatment for croup

A

steroids

PO dexamethasone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

if a small child has a fever, treat it as??

A

meningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CNS causes of acutely unwell child

A

meningitis

encephalitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

causes of faints or seizures

A 
febrile seizures from raised temperature 
arrhythmias - all get ECG 
vasovagal 
reflex anoxic - after getting a fright 
breath holding attacks 
behavioural 
epilepsy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

causes of abdominal pain in acutely unwell child

A 
gastroenteritis 
UTI 
malrotation 
pyloric stenosis 
volvulus 
intussusception 
appendicitis
mesenteric adenitis 
DKA 
IBD flare
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CVS causes of acutely unwell child

A

congenital heart disease
infective endocarditis
arrhythmias: SVT, WPW

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how do you do CPR in a child, >1 and <1yo

A

15 compressions : 2 breaths
>1yo - 1 hand
<1yo - 2 fingers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

crying in babies is a good sign, true or false

A

true, means they are breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the commonest cause for acute illness in children

A

sepsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the paediatric sepsis 6

A
  1. give high flow O2
  2. gain IV access: blood cultures, glucose, lactate
  3. IV/IO antibiotics
  4. fluid resuscitation
  5. early inotrope support e.g. adrenaline
  6. senior HELP!!
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

when performing an ABCDE assessment, what should you look for

A

A - careful not to extend the neck as this can compress the airway
B - nasal flaring, grunting, recession, accessory muscle use, wheeze, stridor
C - CRT, HR, BP, skin colour, urine output, fluids 20ml/kg
D - hypoxic fits, AVPU, pupils, GLUCOSE, decorticate, decerebrate
E - temp, rash, bruising

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

decorticate posturing involves flexion/extension of limbs

decerebrate posturing involves flexion/extension of limbs

A

decorticate - flexion

decerebrate - extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

fluid volume for children resuscitation

A

20ml/kg bolus in 10 min

18
Q

what is stridor

A

high pitched inspiratory noise of the upper airway

19
Q

causes of stridor

A

croup
epiglottitis
foreign body
narrowed airway following intubation

20
Q

what is wheeze

A

lower pitch expiratory sound from airway obstruction

21
Q

wheeze is always due to asthma, true or false

A

false

22
Q

https://ihub.scot/media/2063/pews-education-pack-updated-july-17.pdf

A

PEWS link

23
Q

file:///Users/hibaalhasso/Downloads/Guidelines%20Paediatric%20basic%20life%20support.pdf
/Users/hibaalhasso/Downloads/Guidelines%20Paediatric%20advanced%20life%20support.pdf

A

Paed BLS and ALS algorithm

24
Q

causes of fluid loss

A

blood loss
gastroenteritis
burns

25
Q

which is more common in children, resp or circulatory failure

A

resp failure happens first leading to arrest

26
Q

systematic approach to a sick child

A

ABCDE
A - pink or blue, noises
B - rate, recession, accessory muscle, grunting, flaring, additional noises, saturations, consciousness
C - rate, rhythm, pulse volume, perfusion, CRT, skin colour, BP, confusion, urine output
D - conscious level, AVPU, GCS, pupils, posture, behaviour and interaction
E - temp, rash, injury
DEFG - GLUCOSE
H - hypoxia, hypothermia, hypotension, hypoglycaemia

27
Q

how to assess airway?

A

infant - crying

verbal child - assess voice

28
Q

how do you measure Cap refill

A 
press on fingers or sternum, nose or forehead 
want to know central then peripheral 
5 sec 
blanches then time how long 
<3s normal 
>3s abnormal
29
Q

cardiac arrest is harder to bring a child back from the resp arrest, true or false

A

true, if hypoxic you can correct their O2 and breathing

30
Q

kids have low glycogen storage and burn through it very quickly in stress, true or false

A

true

31
Q

why do you give 5 initial breaths in BLS

A

to reverse hypoxia

32
Q

causes of worldwide mortality

A

infectious diseases
neonatal - congenital/prematurity
maternal

33
Q

Causes of fluid loss

A

haemorrhage
burns
gastroenteritis

34
Q

causes of fluid maldistribution

A

anaphylaxis
septic shock
cardiac disease

35
Q

causes of respiratory distress

A

croup
pneumonia
foreign body
asthma

36
Q

causes of respiratory depression

A

drugs - poisoning
^ICP
convulsions

37
Q

what does the septic screen involve

A

lumbar puncture

urine MC+S

38
Q

how do you prescribe paediatric maintenance fluids

A

1st 10kg - 100ml/kg
2nd 10kg - 50ml/kg
for every kg above 20kg, prescribe 20ml/kg

39
Q

what fluids are used in maintenance fluids

A

0.9% saline / 5% dextrose

40
Q

calculate the dose of maintenance fluid in a 5.24kg baby

A

100ml/kg

5.24 x 100 = 524ml/day

Year 4 Child Health (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions