Acute Responses

Question 1

Respiratory acute responses

Answer 1

Ventilation increases

Diffusion increases

Question 2

Cardiovascular acute responses

Answer 2

Cardiac output increases 
Blood pressure increases 
Venous return increases 
Redistribution of blood flow 
A-VO2 diff increases 
Blood volume decreases

Question 3

Muscular acute responses

Answer 3

Body temperature increases
Lactate production increases
Motor unit recruitment increases
Energy substrates decrease

Question 4

Oxygen debt EPOC

Answer 4

When oxygen levels are higher than required at rest to restore the body to a homeostasis level

Question 5

Oxygen deficit

Answer 5

When the bodys demand for oxygen is greater than the body’s supply of oxygen

Question 6

Steady state

Answer 6

State at which oxygen supply is equal to oxygen demand

Question 7

Ventilation

Answer 7

Tidal volume x respiratory rate

Ventilation is the amount of air breathed in or out per minute

Question 8

Tidal volume

Answer 8

Amount of air inspired or expired per breath (measured in litres)

Question 9

Respiratory Rate

Answer 9

Amount of breaths taken per minute (bpm)

Question 10

Cardiac output

Answer 10

Q= Stroke volume x heart rate

Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute (L/min)

Question 11

Stroke volume

Answer 11

The amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per beat (mL/per best)

Question 12

Heart rate

Answer 12

The amount of times your heart beats per minute (beats per minute)

Question 13

Diffusion

Answer 13

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Question 14

A-VO2 differential

Answer 14

The difference in oxygen concentration between the arteries and the veins

Question 15

Why does ventilation increase?

Answer 15

So there is more oxygen readily available in the lungs to be diffused into the blood and so greater amounts of carbon dioxide can be expelled from the body

Question 16

Why does cardiac output increase?

Answer 16

So more oxygenated blood can reach the working skeletal muscles in an attempt to meet the oxygen demand by the body

Question 17

Two mechanisms involved in thermoregulation

Answer 17

Sweating

Redistribution of blood flow

Question 18

Why do energy substrates decrease?

Answer 18

Decrease as we require them to build up ATP from ADP.

Question 19

What occurs during fast epoc?

Answer 19

ATP is resynthesised

PC stores are replenished

Question 20

What occurs during slow epoc?

Answer 20

Buffering out of hydrogen ions and lactate

Lactate is reconverted into glycogen

Question 21

All or none law

Answer 21

States that motor units will either contract maximally or not at all

Question 22

Lactate inflection point (LIP)

Answer 22

Where lactate production equals lactate removal

Question 23

How do you improve LIP?

Answer 23

Work aerobically

Question 24

How do you improve lactate tolerance?

Answer 24

Work anaerobically

Question 25

What is vasodilation ?

Answer 25

Is when the arteries get bigger so more blood is able to reach the working skeletal muscles

Question 26

How does swearing and redistribution of blood flow assist thermoregulation?

Answer 26

Sweating cools you down through water molecules getting to the skin
Redistribution of blood flow cools us down with the assistance vasodilation. Veins are closer to the skin and are able to be cooled down by wind.