Acute Red Eye (Anterior Segment) Flashcards
What do you look for in the HPC in an acute red eye?
- Red
- Pain
- Discharge
- Photophobia
- Flashing lights and floaters
- Blurred vision
Name two examinations to examine visual acuity
- Best corrected visual acuity (your best distance vision with eyeglasses or contact lenses)
- Snellen chart
Name investigations of an cute red eye
- Staining with fluroscenes
* Fundal Examination
What can be seen with staining with fluroscene?
Outlines epithelial defect of the cornea
Blue light shined in eye eye - any problems on the surface of the cornea will appear green under the blue light
What is a fundal examination?
Looks at the fundus of the eye using either a direct opthalmoscope or a slit lamp & Volk lens
What are the signs/symptoms of infective conjunctivitis?
- Gritty (uncomfortable feeling as if sand is in eye)
- Red
- Discharge (purulent/watery)
What is the treatment of infective conjunctivitis?
Topical antibiotics
What is the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis?
- Topical antihistamine
- Avoid allergen
- Mast cell stabilisers
What are the signs/symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis?
- Itchy
- Red
- Discharge (mucoid/watery)
- Acute
- Lid swelling
- Conjunctival swelling (chemosis)
What are the signs/symptoms of a corneal abrasion?
- Pain
- Watering
- Blurred vision
- Epithelial defect
What is the treatment of a corneal abrasion?
- Topical antibiotics
* Analgesia
What is acute anterior uveitis?
Inflammation of iris and ciliary body
What are the signs/symptoms of acute anterior uveitis?
- Pain
- Watering
- Photophobia
- +/-Blurred vision
- +/- floaters
- Red
- Cells in anterior chamber
- Hypopyon
- Small irregular pupil
What is the treatment of acute anterior uveitis?
- Topical steroids
* Dilating drops
What are the signs/symptoms of scleritis?
- Pain ++
- Redness (deep scleral vessels)
- Nodule (does not move over sclera)
- Tender ++
What is the treatment of scleritis?
Systemic steroids
What is Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma?
Damage to the optic nerve due to drainage in the eye becoming suddenly blocked, raising intraocular pressure
What are the signs/symptoms of Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma?
- Pain ++
- Redness
- Blurred vision
- Nausea & vomiting
- Hazy cornea
- Fixed mid dilated pupil
- Hard eyeball
What is the treatment of Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma?
- Lower intraocular pressure
* Constrict pupil
What is orbital cellulitis?
Infection of the orbital tissue
What are the signs/symptoms of orbital cellulitis?
- Pain +
- Redness
- Blurred vision
- Diplopia (double vision)
- Malaise
- Pyrexia
- Proptosis (protrusion)
- Reduced eye movement
What is the treatment of orbital cellulitis?
- Admit
- IV antibiotics
- CT Scan
- Drainage of pus
