Acute Leukemias

Question 1

Acute leukemia with

tDt + nuclear marker

Answer 1

ALL

Question 2

ALL is more common in children/adults

esp. this population

Answer 2

children

more common in Down syndrome after age 5 yr

Question 3

B-ALL markers

Answer 3

CD10, CD19, CD20

Question 4

Special treatment considerations in ALL

Answer 4

need to give prophylactic chemo to CSF and scrotum before systemic
because chemo cannot cross those two barriers normally

Question 5

T-ALL markers

Answer 5

CD2 to CD8

ie CD3, CD4, CD7, etc

Question 6

CD10 in acute leukemia

type

Answer 6

B-ALL

Question 7

CD3 in acute leukemia

type

Answer 7

T-ALL

Question 8

CD7 in acute leukemia

type

Answer 8

T-ALL

Question 9

CD19 in acute leukemia

type

Answer 9

B-ALL

Question 10

CD20 in acute leukemia

type

Answer 10

B-ALL

Question 11

CD4 in acute leukemia

type

Answer 11

T-ALL

Question 12

Presentation of B-ALL

Answer 12

younger child

maybe Down syndrome if 5+ y/o

Question 13

Presentation of T-ALL

Answer 13

teenager with thymic mass
all T’s
*this is a lymphoma because it occurs as a mass in the thymus

Question 14

CD10 in acute leukemia

type

Answer 14

B-ALL

**T-ALL does not express CD10

Question 15

t(12;21)

Answer 15

B-ALL
has good prognosis
how could it not–the numbers are just flipped

Question 16

t(9;22)

Answer 16

Philedelphia chromosome
B-ALL
has poor prognosis
more common in adults

Question 17

Auer rods are classically found in

and are composed of

Answer 17

AML

composed to myeloperoxidase

Question 18

Classical marker of AML

Answer 18

MPO–myeloperoxidase

Question 19

AML population

Answer 19

older adults

Question 20

Classic translocation in AML

Answer 20

t(15;17) = acute promyelocytic leukemia
retinoic acid receptor, mutation disrupts ability for cells to mature
**Tx: ATRA, all-trans retinoic acid

Question 21

Tx of classic AML

Answer 21

ATRA

all-trans retinoic acid

Question 22

Acute promyelocytic leukemia in AML
you should know all this
characteristic translocation
major complications
Tx

Answer 22

t(15;17), in RAR (retinoic acid receptor)–does not allow for maturation of cells
DIC is major complication b/c promyelocytes contain coagulation factors
Tx is ATRA (all-trans retinoic acid)

Question 23

Acute monocytic leukemia (AML)

presentation

Answer 23

infiltration of gums

*may not have MPO

Question 24

Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AML)

presentation

Answer 24

Down syndrome under 5 y/o

*may not have MPO

Question 25

Down syndrome acute leukemias

which ones when

Answer 25

before age 5: megakaryoblastic leukemia (AML)

after age 5: T-ALL

Question 26

Basics about CD markers in B- vs T-ALL

Answer 26

T-cell is less than CD10

B-cell is CD10 and greater ie CD10, 19, 20