Acute leukemia

Question 1

what are the exposure related etiologies for acute leukemia?

Answer 1

1. chemicals
2. radiation
3. tobacco
4. chemotherapy

Question 2

is organomegaly common in AML?

Answer 2

no

Question 3

what is an Auer rod?

Answer 3

fused lysosomes and neutrophilic granules with enzymes and crystalline inclusions

Question 4

what structure is pathognomonic for AML?

Answer 4

Auer rod

Question 5

where is bone marrow usually taken?

Answer 5

posterior iliac crest

Question 6

what is the treatment for AML in patients under 60 years of age?

Answer 6

7 plus 3

7 days of cytarabine, 3 days of daunorubicin

obliterates bone marrow

Question 7

what is involved in the AML induction support?

Answer 7

1. irradiation of all blood products
2. platelets
3. prophylactic abx

Question 8

what is tumor lysis syndrome?

Answer 8

uric acid shower following death of logs of cells

Question 9

what is the cause of APL?

Answer 9

1. chromosome translocation t(15,17)
2. fusion of PML/RARa
3. inhibits transcription of genes involved in promyelocytic differentiation

Question 10

what is the treatment for APL?

Answer 10

1. all trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) - maturation agent

2. 7 plus 3 induction

Question 11

what is a major adverse effect involved with APL?

Answer 11

DIC

Question 12

what is the treatment for ALL in adults?

Answer 12

1. induction chemotherapy

2. bone marrow transplantation

Question 13

in which acute leukemia does maintenance therapy have a role?

Answer 13

ALL

Question 14

what is the presentation for CML?

Answer 14

1. easy bleeding
2. easy bruising
3. fever
4. weight loss
5. LUQ pain
6. night sweats