Active cellular physiology Part II Flashcards
1
Q
What creates a chemical gradient?
A
An uneven distribution of molecules across a membrane.
2
Q
What creates an electrical gradient?
A
An uneven distribution of charged ions across a membrane.
3
Q
What is resting membrane potential?
A
The electrical charge difference between the inside and outside of a resting cell.
4
Q
Which ions are more abundant outside the cell?
A
Sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-).
5
Q
Which ions are more abundant inside the cell?
A
Potassium (K+) and negatively charged proteins.
6
Q
What are passive ion channels?
A
Channels that allow ions to move down their concentration gradient without energy use.
7
Q
What is the sodium-potassium exchange pump?
A
An active transport pump that moves 3 Na+ out and 2 K+ into the cell using ATP.
