Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacotherapeutics > Acne (Exam 1) > Flashcards

Acne (Exam 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Acne Vulgaris

A

Abnormality in structure or function of sebaceous follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Blackhead (Open comedo)

A

Sebaceous glands atrophy and sebum mixes with loose cells to form keratinous plug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Whitehead (Closed comedo)

A

Trauma or inflammatory changes secondary to overgrowth of bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Acne begins in pre-pubertal period due to overproduction of _____.

A

Androgen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Factors of Acne Vulgaris

A

Increased sebum production
Abnormal keratinization
Growth of P. acnes
Inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Acne is classified based on ____.

A

Severity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Goals of Acne Treatment

A

Heal existing lesions
Prevent/minimize scarring
Prevent formation of new lesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nonpharmacological acne therapy

A

Use gentle, nondrying cleansers
Do not scrub skin/excessive washing
Soap and water has minimal impact on acne
Do not pick/pop pimples

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Drugs that target abnormal keratinization

A

Azelaic Acid
Salicylic Acid
Benzoyl Peroxide
Topical Retinoids
Isotretinoin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Drugs that target P.acnes proliferation

A

Benzoyl Peroxide
Topical/oral antibiotics
Topical Dapsone
Azelaic Acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Drugs that target inflammatory response

A

Azelaic Acid
Corticosteroids
Topical/oral antibodies
Topical Retinoids
Topical Dapsone
Isotretinoin
Clascoterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Drugs that target abnormal sebum

A

Anti-androgens
Isotretinoin
Corticosteroids
Estrogens
Clascoterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

First Line Therapy for Acne Vulgaris Topical

A

Benzoyl Peroxide
Tretinoin
Adapalene
Tazarotene
Trifarotene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Main side effect of topical retinoids?

A

Photosensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

First Line Therapy for Acne Vulgaris Oral

A

Erythromycin
Minocycline
Clindamycin
Sodium Sulfacetamide w/ Sulfa
Azelaic Acid
Salicylic Acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Topical Combinations for Acne Vulgaris

A

Benzoyl Peroxide + erythromycin or clindamycin
Epiduo (Adapalene + Bnezoyl peroxide gel)
Ziana, Veltin (Tertinoin + Clindamycin)
Cabtreo (Adapalene + Benzoyl peroxide + Clindamycin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Oral Dapsone Contraindications

A

Increased risk of hemolytic anemia in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Topical clascoterone (Winlevi)

A

Blocks effects of testosterone and DHT that bind to androgen receptor
Decreases sebum production and inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Second Line Therapy for Acne Vulgaris

A

Oral Antibacterial Agents
Oral Contraceptives
Spironolactone
Oral Corticosteroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Oral Antibacterial Agents

A

Tetracycline
Minocycline
Doxycyline
Erythromycin
SMX-TMP

21
Q

How long do oral antibacterial agents take for improvement?

A

3-4 weeks
Used for 4-6 months

22
Q

Oral Contraceptives

A

Tri-Sprintec
YAZ
Estrostep

23
Q

Oral contraceptives containing ____ and ____ reduce androgen action and suppress sebum production.

A

estrogen
progestins

24
Q

Oral contraceptives MOA

A

5alpha-reductase inhibitors prevent testosterone —> DHT

25
Q

How long do oral contraceptives take for improvement?

A

3-6 months

26
Q

Spironolactone is structurally similar to _____ through ______.

A

progesterone

5alpha-reductase inhibition

27
Q

Spironolactone should not be initiated in patients with

A

Baseline hypotension and hyperkalemia
Monitor gynecomastia in males

28
Q

How long does spironolactone take for improvement?

A

3-6 months

29
Q

Oral corticosteroids used for temporary benefit in patients with _____ acne.

A

inflammatory

30
Q

How long should you wait before restarting isotretinoin?

A

2 months

31
Q

Parameters needed before initiation of treatment

A

CBC
chemistry profile
fasting triglyceride and cholesterol levels

32
Q

Pregnancy category X medications

A

Tazarotene
Oral isotretinoin

33
Q

IPLEDGE Requirements for patients

A

Females must have two negative pregnancy tests 1 months before starting + one every month on it
Two forms of contraception
Consent form on birth defects
Avoid blood donations

34
Q

Prescribers, patients, and pharmacies must be registered and activated in IPLEDGE. T/F

A

TRUE

35
Q

Wholesalers can send isotretinoin to pharmacies not enrolled in IPLEDGE. T/F

A

FALSE

36
Q

How many days and refills can a prescriber write for for isotretinoin?

A

30 days
No refills

37
Q

Who must register and activate the pharmacy in IPLEDGE and how often?

A

Responsible Site Pharmacist (RSP)

Annually

38
Q

Dispensing pharmacist must receive a _______ before filling/dispensing isotretinoin.

A

Risk Management Authorization (RMA)

39
Q

“Do Not Dispense to Patient After” guidelines for isotretinoin

A

Males: 30 days from office visit
Females: 7 days from pregnancy test

40
Q

Acne Rosacea

A

Chronic inflammatory skin disorder that affects blood vessels
Hyperplasia of sebaceous glands

41
Q

Factors affecting Acne Rosacea

A

Genetics
Immune dysfunction
Vascular hyperreactivity
Microorganisms (Demodex mites)

42
Q

Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea

A

Persistent centrofacial erythema-Chronic redness of nose and cheeks
Telangiectasias-enlarged blood vessels

43
Q

Papulopustular Rosacea

A

Papules and pustules on central face
Comedones do NOT occur

44
Q

Phymatous Rosacea

A

Tissue hypertrophy that may occur on chin, forehead, and cheeks
Most severe

45
Q

Treatment for persistent erythema

A

Mirvasco - selective a2-agonist
Rhofade-selective a1a-agonist

46
Q

Treatment for erythematotelangiectatic rosacea and mild/moderate papulopustular disease

A

Topical metronidazole
Azelaic Acid
Topical ivermectin
Topical minocycline

47
Q

Treatment for moderate/severe papulopustular disease

A

Tetracycline
Doxycycline
Minocyline, erythromycin, metroniddazole
Isotretinoin

48
Q

For mild acne with predominantly noninflammatory lesions, active agents of first choice include

A

Topical retinoids or benzoyl peroxide

49
Q

For severe acne with inflammatory lesions, moderate nodules, and cysts, the most appropriate initial drug regimens should include

A

Fixed-dose combination (adapalene plus benzoyl peroxide) with oral antibiotic

Pharmacotherapeutics (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions