ACLS/BLS/PALS

Question 1

Adult cardiac arrest epinephrine dose

Answer 1

1mg q3-5min

Question 2

Adult cardiac arrest amiodarone dose

Answer 2

1st dose: 300mg bolus
2nd dose: 150mg bolus

Question 3

Adult cardiac arrest Lidocaine dose

Answer 3

1st Dose: 1-1.5mg/kg
2nd Dose: 0.5-0.75mg/kg

Question 4

How deep should adult chest compressions be?

Answer 4

at least 2in (5cm)

Question 5

Rate of adult chest compressions

Answer 5

100-120/min

Question 6

If no advanced airway, what is the adult ratio of compressions to breaths

Answer 6

30:2

Question 7

ventilation rate during adult cardiac arrest w/ advanced airway

Answer 7

1 breath q 6seconds
(10breaths/min)

Question 8

What are signs of ROSC in adult

Answer 8

Return of pulse and pressure

Abrupt sustained PETCO2 (typically >=40mmHg)

Spontaneous arterial pressure waves on arterial line

Question 9

What are the H’s and T’s?

Answer 9

Hypoxemia
Hypovolemia
Hydrogen ion (acidosis)
Hyper/hypokalemia
Hypothermia

Tension Pneumo
Tamponade
Toxins
Thrombosis, pulmonary
Thrombosis, coronary

Question 10

Adult defibrillation energy

Answer 10

Biphasic = 120-200J

Monophasic= 360J

Question 11

In unstable adult bradycardia what should 1st intervention be?

Answer 11

transcutaneous pacing

Question 12

What should the first medication be for unstable adult bradycardia?

Answer 12

Atropine: 1st dose 1mg, repeat every 3-5min until max of 3mg

Question 13

What meds other than atropine can be used for unstable adult bradycardia

Answer 13

Epinephrine gtt: 2-10mcg/min
Dopamine gtt: 5-20mcg/kg/min (cornelius says 10-20mcg/kg/min)

Question 14

What are common causes of adult unstable bradycardia

Answer 14

Myocardial ischemia/infarction
Drugs/toxicologics (B-blockers, ca-chnl blockers, digoxin)
Hypoxia
Electrolyte abnormality (hyperkalemia)

Question 15

Treatment for unstable adult tachycardia (with pulse) is

Answer 15

Sync. cardioversion (1-2J/kg)

Question 16

What is the 1st medication treatment for adult tachycardia (w/ pulse)

Answer 16

adenosine: if regular, monomorphic
1st dose=6mg
2nd dose=12mg

Question 17

What are alternative medications for treatment of adult tachycardia (w/ pulse)

Answer 17

Procainamide:
20-50mg/min
STOP when arrythmia subsides, max 17mg/kg given, or prolong QT >50%

Amiodarone:
1st dose: 150mg over 10min. Repeat if VT occurs
Follow by infusion 1mg/min for 6hours

Sotalol:
100mg (1.5 mg/kg) over 5minutes. Avoid if prolong QT

Question 18

What is a non-pharmacologic methods to treat stable adult tachycardia

Answer 18

Vagal maneuvers

Question 19

What are the pharmacological treatments for stable adult tachycardia

Answer 19

Adenosine

B-blocker

Ca-chnl blocker

Question 20

How deep should compressions be for pediatric CPR

Answer 20

> = 1/3 chest diameter

Question 21

What rate should CPR be for pediatric patient?

Answer 21

100-120/min

Question 22

If no advanced airway, what should the ratio of compressions to breaths be in pediatric resuscitation?

Answer 22

15:2

Question 23

With advanced airway, how frequent should ventilation be in pediatric resuscitation?

Answer 23

every 2-3 seconds

Question 24

Energy for defibrillation in pediatric arrest

Answer 24

1st= 2J/kg
2nd= 4J/kg
3+= >=4J/kg up to 10J/kg

Question 25

IV Epi dose for pediatric arrest

Answer 25

0.01mg/kg (max 1mg) every 3-5min

(0.1mg/kg of 0.1mg/mL dose)

Question 26

Amiodarone dose for pediatric arrest

Answer 26

5mg/kg bolus

May repeat up to 3 total doses for refractory VF/pulseless VT

Question 27

ET Epi dose for pediatric arrest

Answer 27

0.1mg/kg

Question 28

IV lidocaine dose for pediatric arrest

Answer 28

1mg/kg

Question 29

Pediatric atropine dose

Answer 29

0.02mg/kg (min 0.1mg; max 0.5mg)

Question 30

Which medications can be given via ET tube?

Answer 30

LEAN

Lidocaine
Epi
Atropine
Narcan

Question 31

What HR should you begin chest compressions on for unstable pediatric patient?

Answer 31

<60bpm

Question 32

What are medications for unstable pediatric bradycardia

Answer 32

Epi 0.01mg/kg IV

Atropine (kids prone to vagal response): 0.02mg/kg (min 0.1mg; max 0.5mg)

Question 33

What are probable causes of pediatric bradycardia?

Answer 33

Hypothermia
Hypoxia
Medications/Toxins

Question 34

What energy should be used for synchronized cardioversion of pediatric patient?

Answer 34

1st= 0.5-1J/kg
if ineffective use 2J/kg

sedate if needed, but don’t delay cardioversion

Question 35

Narrow QRS duration tachycardia is usually _______

Answer 35

Supraventricular

infant rate >220/min
Child >180/min

Question 36

Wide QRS tachycardia is typically _______

Answer 36

VT

Question 37

Treatment for pediatric SVT is

Answer 37

adenosine:
1st dose: 0.1mg/kg rapid bolus (max 6mg)
2nd dose: 0.2mg/kg (max 12mg)

Question 38

Common causes for pediatric tachycardia are

Answer 38

Fever and dehydration

Question 39

Priorities for neonatal resuscitation include

Answer 39

Warm and dry
HR <100 = Ventilate
Hr <60 = intubate, chest compressions

Question 40

Targeted preductal SpO2 after birth is:

Answer 40

1min: 60-65%
2min: 65-70%
3min: 70-75%
4min: 75-80%
5min: 80-85%
10min: 85-95%

Question 41

Common causes of maternal arrest are

Answer 41

Trauma and Thrombosis

A- anesthesia complications
B- bleeding
C- cardiovascular
D- drugs
E- embolic
F- fever
G- general nonobstetric (H’s and T’s)
H- hypertension